Molecular detection and species identification of Plasmodium spp. infection in adults in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A population-based study.

Autor: Kiyonga Aimeé K; Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.; Department of Tropical Medicine Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.; Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo., Lengu TB; Department of Tropical Medicine Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo., Nsibu CN; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.; Programme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo., Umesumbu SE; Programme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo., Ngoyi DM; Department of Tropical Medicine Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.; Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo., Chen T; Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Nov 23; Vol. 15 (11), pp. e0242713. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 23 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242713
Abstrakt: Background: In efforts to control malaria infection, the Democratic Republic of Congo has implemented several strategies. Studies assessing their efficiency mainly involved at-risk groups, especially children under five years of age. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with Plasmodium spp. infection.
Methods: From October 2014 to March 2015, individuals aged at least 15 years were selected randomly and enrolled in a cross-sectional study conducted throughout the country. Microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were used for the detection of Plasmodium ssp.
Results: From 2286 individuals recruited, 1870 with valid laboratory results were included in the study for further analysis. The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infection assessed by microscopy (355/ 1870 (19%) was lower than that estimated by PCR (580/1870 (31%). In addition, the difference between the two results was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The most prevalent Plasmodium species was P. falciparum, either as mono-infection (96.3%; 95% C.I. 93.9-98.1) or combined with P. malariae (3.7%; 95% C.I. 2.8-5.9). The mean parasite density was 3272739 trophozoites/μL of blood. Women had higher risks of being infected than men (OR 2.03, 95% C.I.: 1.96. 2.62, P = 0.041)].
Conclusion: In this study, the molecular detection and species identification of Plasmodium spp. showed that, despite all efforts for malaria control, malaria remains a public health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The high prevalence and parasite density of Plasmodium spp. in adults make this age group a potential parasitic infectious reservoir for the at-risk groups and supports the need to include this age group in further programs for malaria control.
Competing Interests: The authors declare they have no competing interests.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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