Hiding in plain sight - platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1.

Autor: Baumer Y; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.; Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A.Burns School of Medicine,Honolulu,HI,USA.; Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Weatherby TM; Pacific Biosciences Research Center, Biological Electron Microscope Facility, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA., Mitchell BI; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA., SahBandar IN; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.; Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA., Premeaux TA; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA., Michelle L D; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.; Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA., Gutierrez-Huerta CA; Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Powell-Wiley TM; Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Brown TR; Palm Springs, CA, USA., Boisvert WA; Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A.Burns School of Medicine,Honolulu,HI,USA., Shikuma CM; Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA., Ndhlovu LC; Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.; Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Platelets [Platelets] 2021 Nov 17; Vol. 32 (8), pp. 1038-1042. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 23.
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1849606
Abstrakt: There are approximately 38 million people globally living with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and given the tremendous success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) this has dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity with prevention benefits. However, HIV-1 persists during cART within the human body and re-appears upon cART interruption. This HIV-1 reservoir remains a barrier to cure with cellular sites of viral persistence not fully understood. In this study we provide evidence corroborating a recently published article in STM demonstrating the role of platelets as a novel cellular disseminator of HIV-1 particles in the setting of viral suppression. Using classical transmission electron microscopy with and without immunogold labeling, we visualize HIV-1 in both platelets and monocytes in cART suppressed HIV donors. Our study suggests that due to the close proximity of platelets and monocytes an alternative life cycle of HIV-1 cycling within monocytes and platelets without the need of active replication under cART occurs. Our findings are supported by the lack of detectable HIV-1 particles in platelets derived from HIV uninfected donors or the 'Berlin' patient suggesting that platelets may serve as an underappreciated hidden bearer for HIV-1 and should be considered in HIV remission studies and trials.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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