A green, simplified, and efficient experimental setup for a high-throughput screening of agri-food by-products - From polar to nonpolar metabolites in sugarcane solid residues.

Autor: Assirati J; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Av. Universitária 3780, Botucatu, SP, 18610-034, Brazil., Rinaldo D; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube 14-01, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil., Rabelo SC; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Av. Universitária 3780, Botucatu, SP, 18610-034, Brazil., Bolzani VDS; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, Araraquara, SP, 14800-900, Brazil., Hilder EF; University of South Australia (UniSA), Future Industries Institute, X Building, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia., Funari CS; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Av. Universitária 3780, Botucatu, SP, 18610-034, Brazil. Electronic address: cristiano.funari@unesp.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of chromatography. A [J Chromatogr A] 2020 Dec 20; Vol. 1634, pp. 461693. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 10.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461693
Abstrakt: From an environmental perspective, searching for useful compounds in agri-food by-products by employing inefficient and polluting analytical procedures is paradoxical. This work aimed to develop a green, simplified, and highly efficient experimental setup for extracting and tentatively identifying the broadest range of metabolites in sugarcane solid by-products collected directly within the industrial mills. Nine different extraction approaches were investigated side-by-side, including three reference methods. Based on the extraction and environmental performances assessed by two complementary metrics called Analytical-Eco Scale and the Analytical Greenness Calculator, it was possible to reach two highly efficient two liquid-phase extractions while avoiding harmful solvents and traditional time, energy, and solvent consuming sample preparation steps, such as solvent evaporation, metabolite concentration, re-suspension, and derivatization. The simultaneously produced hydroethanolic and n-heptane extracts were directly analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, both coupled to mass spectrometry, respectively, leading to the annotation of a large dynamic range of compounds from information rich spectral data. Up to 111 metabolites were identified in a single matrix, from highly polar sucrose to nonpolar wax ester C53 in a single extraction. Orientin, apigenin-6-C-glucosylrhamnoside, 1-octacosanol, octacosanal, and other bioactive compounds were identified in these abundantly available by-products, which are currently just burned to produce energy. The best two methods developed here (Two-Liquid-Phase Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction with Probe and Two-Liquid-Phase Dynamic Maceration) appeared as a green, simplified, and highly efficient procedures to qualitatively profile metabolites in complex solid matrices.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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