Altered shear stress on endothelial cells leads to remodeling of extracellular matrix and induction of angiogenesis.

Autor: Russo TA; Molecular Biology Division, Department of Biochemistry, Carl Peter von Dietrich Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Banuth AMM; Molecular Biology Division, Department of Biochemistry, Carl Peter von Dietrich Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Nader HB; Molecular Biology Division, Department of Biochemistry, Carl Peter von Dietrich Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Dreyfuss JL; Molecular Biology Division, Department of Biochemistry, Carl Peter von Dietrich Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Nov 19; Vol. 15 (11), pp. e0241040. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 19 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241040
Abstrakt: Endothelial cells (ECs) are subjected to physical forces such as shear stress (SS) induced by blood flow that leads to significant changes in morphology, physiology and gene expression. The abnormal mechanical forces applied in the cardiovascular system can influence the development of conditions and diseases such as thrombosis, hypertension and atherosclerosis. This study investigated the expression of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), proteoglycans and extracellular matrix molecules in ECs exposed to normal and altered SS. ECs were exposed to SS of 12 dyn/cm2 (artery physiological condition) and 4 dyn/cm2 (artery pathological condition). Subsequently, ECs were subjected to immunofluorescence, qPCR, GAG biosynthesis analyses and cell-based assays. SS induced changes in ECs morphology. There were other pathological consequences of altered SS, including inhibited adhesion, stimulation of migration and capillary-like tube formation, as well as increases of GAG synthesis. We observed higher expression of syndecan-4, perlecan, decorin, fibronectin and collagen III α1 and growth factors, including VEGF-A and TGFβ-1. ECs exposed to SS displayed extracellular matrix remodeling as well as expression of cell-matrix and cell-cell interaction molecules. This study contributes to the understanding of how vascular biology is affected by mechanical forces and how these molecules can be affected in cardiovascular diseases.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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