Religious dietary rules and their potential nutritional and health consequences.

Autor:	Chouraqui JP; Pediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Woman, Mother and Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland., Turck D; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Lille University Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille; INFINITE-INSERM U1286, Lille, France., Briend A; Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, Marseille, France., Darmaun D; Université Nantes-Atlantique, Nantes, France., Bocquet A; French Association of Ambulatory Paediatrics, Orléans, France., Feillet F; Lorraine University, Nancy, France., Frelut ML; Paris-Sud, University, CHU de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France., Girardet JP; Cabinet de Pédiatrie, 81000 Albi, Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, University 75005, Paris, France., Guimber D; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Lille University Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille, Lille, France., Hankard R; Tours University and Inserm UMR 1069, Tours, France., Lapillonne A; Paris Descartes University, APHP Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France and CNRC, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA., Peretti N; Pediatric Nutrition, University Pediatric Hospital of Lyon and INSERM U1060, CarMeN laboratory, Claude Bernard Lyon-1 University, France., Roze JC; Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Univesity Hospital of Nantes and UMR 1280 INRA, Nantes University, France., Siméoni U; Division of Pediatrics and DOHaD Lab, Woman, Mother and Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland., Dupont C; Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	International journal of epidemiology [Int J Epidemiol] 2021 Mar 03; Vol. 50 (1), pp. 12-26.
DOI:	10.1093/ije/dyaa182
Abstrakt:	Background: The vast majority of the world population declares affiliation to a religion, predominantly Christianity and Islam. Many religions have special dietary rules, which may be more or less strictly adhered to. Methods: Religious food rules were collected from holy books and religious websites as well as their translation into dietary practices. The literature was searched for potential associations between these rules and potential nutritional consequences. Results: Jewish, Islamic and Indian religions support prolonged breastfeeding. Religious avoidance of alcohol is probably beneficial to health. When strictly applied, a few rules may lead to nutritional inadequacies, mainly in populations living in unfavourable socio-economic or environmental conditions. In Jewish and Muslim observants, animal slaughtering procedures may increase the risk of iron deficiency. Jews may be at risk of excess sodium intake related to home-prepared foods. A vegan diet, as observed by some believers, often by drifting from original precepts, or by some Hindus or Buddhists, may result in vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium and n-3 fatty acids deficiencies. Conclusion: When implemented in accordance with the rules, most religious food precepts are not detrimental to health, as suggested by the fact that they have more or less been followed for millennia. Nevertheless, some practices may lead to nutritional inadequacies, such as iron, calcium, vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Patients with low socio-economic status, children and women of childbearing age are of particular risk of such deficiencies. Being aware of them should help health professionals to take an individualized approach to decide whether to supplement or not. (© The Author(s) 2020; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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