How to detect eosinophil ETosis (EETosis) and extracellular traps.

Autor:	Fukuchi M; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan., Miyabe Y; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan., Furutani C; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan., Saga T; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan., Moritoki Y; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan., Yamada T; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan., Weller PF; Divisions of Allergy and Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Ueki S; Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. Electronic address: shigeharu.ueki@gmail.com.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology [Allergol Int] 2021 Jan; Vol. 70 (1), pp. 19-29. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 12.
DOI:	10.1016/j.alit.2020.10.002
Abstrakt:	Eosinophils are short-lived and comprise only a small population of circulating leukocytes; however, they play surprisingly multifunctional roles in homeostasis and various diseases including allergy and infection. Recent research has shed light on active cytolytic eosinophil cell death that releases eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and total cellular contents, namely eosinophil extracellular trap cell death (EETosis). The pathological contribution of EETosis was made more cogent by recent findings that a classical pathological finding of eosinophilic inflammation, that of Charcot-Leyden crystals, is closely associated with EETosis. Currently no gold standard methods to identify EETosis exist, but "an active eosinophil lysis that releases cell-free granules and net-like chromatin structure" appears to be a common feature of EETosis. In this review, we describe several approaches that visualize EETs/EETosis in clinical samples and in vitro studies using isolated human eosinophils. EETs/EETosis can be observed using simple chemical or fluorescence staining, immunostaining, and electron microscopy, although it is noteworthy that visualization of EETs is greatly changed by sample preparation including the extracellular space of EETotic cells and shear flow. Considering the multiple aspects of biological significance, further study into EETs/EETosis is warranted to give a detailed understanding of the roles played in homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. (Copyright © 2020 Japanese Society of Allergology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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