Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects.

Autor: Ramírez GA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America.; Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America., Richardson E; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America., Clark J; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America., Keshri J; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America., Drechsler Y; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America., Berrang ME; USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA, United States of America., Meinersmann RJ; USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA, United States of America., Cox NA; USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA, United States of America., Oakley BB; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Nov 13; Vol. 15 (11), pp. e0242108. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 13 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242108
Abstrakt: The concept of successional trajectories describes how small differences in initial community composition can magnify through time and lead to significant differences in mature communities. For many animals, the types and sources of early-life exposures to microbes have been shown to have significant and long-lasting effects on the community structure and/or function of the microbiome. In modern commercial poultry production, chicks are reared as a single age cohort and do not directly encounter adult birds. This scenario is likely to initiate a trajectory of microbial community development that is significantly different than non-industrial settings where chicks are exposed to a much broader range of environmental and fecal inocula; however, the comparative effects of these two scenarios on microbiome development and function remain largely unknown. In this work, we performed serial transfers of cecal material through multiple generations of birds to first determine if serial transfers exploiting the ceca in vivo, rather than the external environment or artificial incubations, can produce a stable microbial community. Subsequently, we compared microbiome development between chicks receiving this passaged, i.e. host-selected, cecal material orally, versus an environmental inoculum, to test the hypothesis that the first exposure of newly hatched chicks to microbes determines early GI microbiome structure and may have longer-lasting effects on bird health and development. Cecal microbiome dynamics and bird weights were tracked for a two-week period, with half of the birds in each treatment group exposed to a pathogen challenge at 7 days of age. We report that: i) a relatively stable community was derived after a single passage of transplanted cecal material, ii) this cecal inoculum significantly but ephemerally altered community structure relative to the environmental inoculum and PBS controls, and iii) either microbiome transplant administered at day-of-hatch appeared to have some protective effects against pathogen challenge relative to uninoculated controls. Differentially abundant taxa identified across treatment types may inform future studies aimed at identifying strains associated with beneficial phenotypes.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje