Investigation of ethnomedicinal use of Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J. B. Gillett (Burseraceae) in treatment of diarrhea.

Autor: Pessoa RF; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Duarte Figueiredo IA; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Dantas Ferreira SR; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Lima de Farias Cavalcanti Silva AR; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Marinho Paiva RL; Centro de Ciências da Saúde/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Cordeiro LV; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., de Oliveira Lima E; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil., Cabrera SP; Departamento de Química/Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil., Sarmento Silva TM; Departamento de Química/Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil., de Andrade Cavalcante F; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia/Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil. Electronic address: fabianacavalcante@ltf.ufpb.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of ethnopharmacology [J Ethnopharmacol] 2021 Mar 25; Vol. 268, pp. 113564. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113564
Abstrakt: Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillett, popularly known as "imburana", "imburana-de-cheiro" or "imburana-de-espinho", has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, such as diarrhea. The indian tribes "Kairir-Shokó and shokó use the bark to treat diarrhea. However, there is no scientific evidence to justify the therapeutic use of this species.
Aim of the Study: To investigate the ethnomedicinal use of Commiphora leptophloeos, with respect to the antimicrobial, antisecretory, antimotility and antispasmodic activities of the crude ethanolic extract obtained from its leaves (CL-EtOH L ) and the mechanism underlying this action in rodents.
Material and Methods: In the evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities was determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract, against different strains of bacteria and fungi. All experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Paraíba (045/2016). In addition, behavioral screening and acute toxicity assessment of CL-EtOH L were performed in female mice (n = 6). In the investigation of antidiarrheal activity (n = 6), frequency of defecation and number of liquid stools, were classified during 4 h, and intestinal fluid and transit were measured. In addition, the antispasmodic effect on rat ileum (n = 5) was also investigated.
Results: The ethanolic extract is rich in flavonoids and the main were identified as C-glycosylated flavonoids (isoorientin, orientin, and vitexin). In the evaluation of antimicrobial and antifungal activity, the extract showed moderate efficacy only against the tested strains of Candida krusei ATCC-6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC-22019 and Candida glabrata ATCC-90030. The extract had no toxic effect until 2000 mg/kg. In castor oil-induced diarrhea, CL-EtOH L inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, both total defecation frequency (ED 50  = 380.4 ± 145.4 mg/kg) and the number of watery stools (ED 50  = 151.2 ± 76.3 mg/kg). The extract showed no effect on fluid accumulation or normal intestinal transit. On the other hand, when the animals were pretreated with castor oil, the extract decreased the distance traveled by the activated charcoal (ED 50  = 177.0 ± 50.3 mg/kg). In the investigation of antispasmodic effect, CL-EtOH L antagonized the contractions induced by KCl 30 mM (IC 50  = 208.2 ± 25.9 μg/mL) and CCh 10 -6  M (IC 50 = 95. ± 22.0 μg/mL). To verify the participation of muscarinic receptors in this effect, cumulative carbachol curves were performed in the absence and presence of the extract, and a non-competitive pseudo-irreversible antagonism of these receptors was observed.
Conclusion: The data indicate that ethanol extract obtained from the leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos has an antidiarrheal effect due to inhibition of the intestinal motility and antispasmodic effect, through the antagonism of muscarinic receptors. In addition, we suggest that flavonoids isolated from CL-EtOH L may be responsible for antidiarrheal activity of this extract. This explains its ethnomedicinal use in the treatment of diarrhea.
(Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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