The role of CAF derived exosomal microRNAs in the tumour microenvironment of melanoma.

Autor: Shelton M; School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH. United Kingdom., Anene CA; Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom., Nsengimana J; Population Health Sciences, Institute Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, United Kingdom., Roberts W; School of Clinical and Applied Science, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, United Kingdom., Newton-Bishop J; University of Leeds School of Medicine, Leeds, UK., Boyne JR; School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH. United Kingdom. Electronic address: j.r.boyne@hud.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer [Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer] 2021 Jan; Vol. 1875 (1), pp. 188456. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188456
Abstrakt: Exosomes play a crucial role in the crosstalk between cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells, contributing to carcinogenesis and the tumour microenvironment. Recent studies have revealed that CAFs, normal fibroblasts and cancer cells all secrete exosomes that contain miRNA, establishing a cell-cell communication network within the tumour microenvironment. For example, miRNA dysregulation in melanoma has been shown to promote CAF activation via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn alters the secretory phenotype of CAFs in the stroma. This review assesses the roles of melanoma exosomal miRNAs in CAF formation and how CAF exosome-mediated feedback signalling to melanoma lead to tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, efforts to exploit exosomal miRNA-mediated network communication between tumour cells and their microenvironment, and their potential as prognostic biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets in melanoma will also be considered.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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