| Autor: |
Charova SN; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation of Research and Technology-HELLAS, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, P.O. Box 2208, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece., Dölfors F; Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O. Box 7080, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden., Holmquist L; MariboHilleshög Research AB, Säbyholmsvägen 24, S-26191 Landskrona, Sweden., Moschou PN; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation of Research and Technology-HELLAS, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, P.O. Box 2208, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.; Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O. Box 7080, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden., Dixelius C; Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O. Box 7080, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden., Tzelepis G; Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. |
| Abstrakt: |
Rhizoctonia solani (Rs) is a soil-borne pathogen with a broad host range. This pathogen incites a wide range of disease symptoms. Knowledge regarding its infection process is fragmented, a typical feature for basidiomycetes. In this study, we aimed at identifying potential fungal effectors and their function. From a group of 11 predicted single gene effectors, a rare lipoprotein A (RsRlpA), from a strain attacking sugar beet was analyzed. The RsRlpA gene was highly induced upon early-stage infection of sugar beet seedlings, and heterologous expression in Cercospora beticola demonstrated involvement in virulence. It was also able to suppress the hypersensitive response (HR) induced by the Avr4/Cf4 complex in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants and functioned as an active protease inhibitor able to suppress Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) burst. This effector contains a double-psi beta-barrel (DPBB) fold domain, and a conserved serine at position 120 in the DPBB fold domain was found to be crucial for HR suppression. Overall, R. solani seems to be capable of inducing an initial biotrophic stage upon infection, suppressing basal immune responses, followed by a switch to necrotrophic growth. However, regulatory mechanisms between the different lifestyles are still unknown. |
