Life cycle sustainability assessment of the nanoscale zero-valent iron synthesis process for application in contaminated site remediation.

Autor: Visentin C; Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, São José Neighborhood, BR 285, Zip Code99052-900, Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil. Electronic address: caroline.visentin.rs@gmail.com., Trentin AWDS; Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, São José Neighborhood, BR 285, Zip Code99052-900, Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil. Electronic address: adan_trentin@hotmail.com., Braun AB; Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, São José Neighborhood, BR 285, Zip Code99052-900, Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil. Electronic address: adelibeatrizbraun@hotmail.com., Thomé A; Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, São José Neighborhood, BR 285, Zip Code99052-900, Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil. Electronic address: thome@upf.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2021 Jan 01; Vol. 268 (Pt B), pp. 115915. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115915
Abstrakt: Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is the main nanomaterial used in environmental remediation processes. The present study aims to evaluate the life cycle sustainability of nZVI production methods applied in environmental remediation. Three production methods of nZVI were selected for analysis: milling, liquid reduction with sodium borohydride, and chemical reduction with hydrogen gas (in two approaches: considering the goethite and hematite synthesis and after using in nZVI production and, using goethite and hematite particles already synthesized for nZVI production). The life cycle sustainability assessment was carried out based on a multi-criteria and multi-attribute analysis. The multi-criteria analysis was used to determine impact category preferences of different specialists in sustainability and remediation, and calculate the sustainability score through a linear additive model. Finally, a Monte Carlo simulation was used to quantify the results uncertainty. The functional unit considered was 1.00 kg of nZVI produced. The milling method and the hydrogen gas method in approach considering the use goethite and hematite particles already synthesized were the most sustainable. Moreover, the sustainability index was found to be influenced by the considered location scenarios as well as the perspectives of the different specialists, which was essential in producing a more accurate and comprehensive evaluation of the aforementioned sustainability methods. Overall, this study significantly contributed to applications of the state-of-the-art life cycle sustainability assessment in studies regarding nanomaterials, employing a simple methodology that included an analysis of different specialists. In addition, this is the first article that uses life cycle sustainability assessment in nanomaterials.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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