Dietary simple sugars alter microbial ecology in the gut and promote colitis in mice.

Autor:	Khan S; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Waliullah S; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Godfrey V; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Khan MAW; Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA., Ramachandran RA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Cantarel BL; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Behrendt C; Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Peng L; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Hooper LV; Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA., Zaki H; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. hasan.zaki@utsouthwestern.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Science translational medicine [Sci Transl Med] 2020 Oct 28; Vol. 12 (567).
DOI:	10.1126/scitranslmed.aay6218
Abstrakt:	The higher prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Western countries points to Western diet as a possible IBD risk factor. High sugar, which is linked to many noncommunicable diseases, is a hallmark of the Western diet, but its role in IBD remains unknown. Here, we studied the effects of simple sugars such as glucose and fructose on colitis pathogenesis in wild-type and Il10 -/- mice. Wild-type mice fed 10% glucose in drinking water or high-glucose diet developed severe colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. High-glucose-fed Il10 -/- mice also developed a worsened colitis compared to glucose-untreated Il10 -/- mice. Short-term intake of high glucose or fructose did not trigger inflammatory responses in healthy gut but markedly altered gut microbiota composition. In particular, the abundance of the mucus-degrading bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis was increased. Consistently, bacteria-derived mucolytic enzymes were enriched leading to erosion of the colonic mucus layer of sugar-fed wild-type and Il10 -/- mice. Sugar-induced exacerbation of colitis was not observed when mice were treated with antibiotics or maintained in a germ-free environment, suggesting that altered microbiota played a critical role in sugar-induced colitis pathogenesis. Furthermore, germ-free mice colonized with microbiota from sugar-treated mice showed increased colitis susceptibility. Together, these data suggest that intake of simple sugars predisposes to colitis and enhances its pathogenesis via modulation of gut microbiota in mice. (Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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