A plant-based meal affects thalamus perfusion differently than an energy- and macronutrient-matched conventional meal in men with type 2 diabetes, overweight/obese, and healthy men: A three-group randomized crossover study.

Autor: Kahleova H; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. Electronic address: hkahleova@pcrm.org., Tintera J; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Thieme L; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Veleba J; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Klementova M; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Kudlackova M; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Malinska H; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Oliyarnyk O; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Markova I; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Haluzik M; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Pavlovicova R; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic., Hill M; Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic., Tura A; Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy., Pelikanova T; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) [Clin Nutr] 2021 Apr; Vol. 40 (4), pp. 1822-1833. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 09.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.005
Abstrakt: Background & Aims: Reward circuitry in the brain plays a key role in weight regulation. We tested the effects of a plant-based meal on these brain regions.
Methods: A randomized crossover design was used to test the effects of two energy- and macronutrient-matched meals: a vegan (V-meal) and a conventional meat (M-meal) on brain activity, gastrointestinal hormones, and satiety in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D; n = 20), overweight/obese participants (O; n = 20), and healthy controls (H; n = 20). Brain perfusion was measured, using arterial spin labeling functional brain imaging; satiety was assessed using a visual analogue scale; and plasma concentrations of gut hormones were determined at 0 and 180 min. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was applied. The Hedge's g statistic was used to measure the effect size for means of paired difference between the times (180-0 min) and meal types (M-V meal) for each group.
Results: Thalamus perfusion was the highest in patients with T2D and the lowest in overweight/obese individuals (p = 0.001). Thalamus perfusion decreased significantly after ingestion of the M-meal in men with T2D (p = 0.04) and overweight/obese men (p = 0.004), and it decreased significantly after ingestion of the V-meal in healthy controls (p < 0.001; Group x Meal x Time: F = 3.4; p = 0.035). The effect size was -0.41 (95% CI, -1.14 to 0.31; p = 0.26) for men with diabetes; -0.72 (95% CI, -1.48 to 0.01; p = 0.05) for overweight/obese men; and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.09 to 1.59; p = 0.03) for healthy men. Postprandial secretion of active GLP-1 increased after the V-meal compared with the M-meal by 42% (95% CI 25-62%; p = 0.003) in men with T2D and by 41% (95% CI 24-61%; p = 0.002) in healthy controls. Changes in thalamus perfusion after ingestion of both test meals correlated with changes in satiety (r = +0.68; p < 0.01), fasting plasma insulin (r = +0.40; p < 0.01), C-peptide (r = +0.48; p < 0.01) and amylin (r = +0.55; p < 0.01), and insulin secretion at 5 mmol/l (r = +0.77; p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The higher postprandial GLP-1 secretion after the V-meal in men with T2D, with concomitant greater satiety and changes in thalamus perfusion, suggest a potential use of plant-based meals in addressing the key pathophysiologic mechanisms of food intake regulation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02474147.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest None declared.
(Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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