Antibacterial, Mutagenic Properties and Chemical Characterisation of Sugar Bush ( Protea caffra Meisn.): A South African Native Shrub Species.

Autor:	Vambe M; Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa., Aremu AO; Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.; Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa., Chukwujekwu JC; Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa., Gruz J; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic., Luterová A; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic., Finnie JF; Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa., Van Staden J; Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Plants (Basel, Switzerland) [Plants (Basel)] 2020 Oct 09; Vol. 9 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 09.
DOI:	10.3390/plants9101331
Abstrakt:	Protea caffra is used as a diarrhoeal remedy in South African herbal medicine, however, its pharmacological properties remain largely unknown. In the present study, extracts from different Protea caffra organs were screened against drug-sensitive and -resistant diarrhoeagenic pathogens using the microdilution assay (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC). Twig extracts (70% methanol, MeOH) of the plant were purified and the resultant fractions screened for antibacterial properties (MIC). The chemical profiles of the fractions were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), while ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to quantify the phenolic acids in the plant. The mutagenic properties of bioactive extracts were assessed using the Ames test. The extracts demonstrated weak-moderate antibacterial properties (MIC: 0.3-0.6 mg/mL). A cold ethyl acetate fraction of MeOH twig extract exhibited significant antibacterial properties (MIC = 0.078 mg/mL) against Enterococcus faecalis . The presence of antibacterial compounds (1-adamantane carboxylic acid, heptacosanol, levoglucosan, nonadecanol) in the plant was putatively confirmed based on GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, UHPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed varying concentrations of phenolic acids (0.08-374.55 µg/g DW). Based on the Ames test, the extracts were non-mutagenic thereby suggesting their safety. To a certain degree, the current study supports the traditional use of Protea caffra to manage diarrhoea among local communities in South Africa. Competing Interests: We do not have any conflict of interests with respect to this study. The opinions and conclusions/recommendations expressed in this work are that of the authors, and that the funder accepts no liability whatsoever in this regard.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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