Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and dietary habits in adulthood: A large population-based twin study in Sweden.

Autor: Li L; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden., Taylor MJ; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Bälter K; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Public Health Sciences, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden., Kuja-Halkola R; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Chen Q; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Hegvik TA; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Tate AE; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Chang Z; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Arias-Vásquez A; The Department of Psychiatry & Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Hartman CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Larsson H; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics [Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet] 2020 Dec; Vol. 183 (8), pp. 475-485. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 07.
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32825
Abstrakt: Associations between adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and dietary habits have not been well established and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We explored these associations using a Swedish population-based twin study with 17,999 individuals aged 20-47 years. We estimated correlations between inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity with dietary habits and fitted twin models to determine the genetic and environmental contributions. Dietary habits were defined as (a) consumption of food groups, (b) consumption of food items rich in particular macronutrients, and (c) healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. At the phenotypic level, inattention was positively correlated with seafood, high-fat, high-sugar, high-protein food consumptions, and unhealthy dietary pattern, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01, 0.05) to 0.13 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.15). Inattention was negatively correlated with fruits, vegetables consumptions and healthy dietary pattern, with correlation coefficients ranging from -0.06 (95%CI: -0.08, -0.04) to -0.07 (95%CI: -0.09, -0.05). Hyperactivity/impulsivity and dietary habits showed similar but weaker patterns compared to inattention. All associations remained stable across age, sex and socioeconomic status. Nonshared environmental effects contributed substantially to the correlations of inattention (56-60%) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (63-80%) with dietary habits. The highest and lowest genetic correlations were between inattention and high-sugar food (r A = .16, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.25), and between hyperactivity/impulsivity and unhealthy dietary pattern (r A = .05, 95% CI: -0.05, 0.14), respectively. We found phenotypic and etiological overlap between ADHD and dietary habits, although these associations were weak. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of common etiological pathways between ADHD symptoms and various dietary habits.
(© 2020 The Authors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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