Traumatic brain injuries and problem gambling in youth: Evidence from a population-based study of secondary students in Ontario, Canada.

Autor: Turner NE; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Cook S; Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America., Shi J; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Elton-Marshall T; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Hamilton H; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Ilie G; Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada., Wickens CM; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., McDonald AJ; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Trajtenberg N; School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom., Cusimano MD; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Mann RE; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Oct 02; Vol. 15 (10), pp. e0239661. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 02 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239661
Abstrakt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by a change in brain function after an external force or sudden movement to the head. TBI is associated with risk-taking, impulsivity, psychological distress, substance abuse, and violent crime. Previous studies have also linked problem gambling to TBI, but these studies have not controlled for possible confounding variables such as mental health problems and hazardous drinking which are also linked to TBI. This study examines the relationship between problem gambling and TBI among adolescents. Data were obtained from the 2011, 2013 and 2015 cycles of the OSDUHS, a biennial cross-sectional school-based study of children in grades 7 to 12 (N = 9,198). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) in controlled and uncontrolled analyses. Adjusting for sex and grade only, problem gambling was associated with a history of TBI (AOR = 2.8). This association remained significant after adjusting for hazardous drinking and suicidality (AOR = 2.0). In addition, problem gambling had a statistically significant relationship with being male (AOR = 4.7), hazardous drinking (AOR = 4.5), and suicidality (AOR = 3.1). This study provides further data to suggest a link between TBI and problem gambling. However, research is needed on the causal relationship between these variables and the potential implications for treatment and prevention.
Competing Interests: Turner has received funding from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (OMHLTC), and Gambling Research Exchange (GREO). Turner has also acted as a consultant on gambling problems for various government and legal entities. For another project unrelated to this one Turner, has received grant funding from the Ontario Lottery and Gaming (the crown corporation that manages gambling in Ontario) to evaluate some of their prevention initiatives, but otherwise has not received funding from the gambling industry. The contract included guarantees of independence and intellectual property rights for the researcher. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. None of these conflicts or sources of funding alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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