Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity.

Autor: Ammar N; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Aly NM; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Folayan MO; Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Khader Y; Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan., Virtanen JI; Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Al-Batayneh OB; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan., Mohebbi SZ; Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Attia S; Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., Howaldt HP; Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., Boettger S; Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., Maharani DA; Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia., Rahardjo A; Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia., Khan I; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India., Madi M; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Rashwan M; Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Pavlic V; Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina., Cicmil S; Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina., Choi YH; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea., Joury E; Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom., Castillo JL; Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru., Noritake K; Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan., Shamala A; Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen., Galluccio G; Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Polimeni A; Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Phantumvanit P; Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand., Mancino D; Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.; Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France., Kim JB; Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea., Abdelsalam MM; Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Arheiam A; Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya., Dama MA; Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine., Nyan M; Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar., Hussein I; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Alkeshan MM; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea., Vukovic AP; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Iandolo A; Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy., Kemoli AM; Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., El Tantawi M; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Sep 29; Vol. 15 (9), pp. e0239961. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 29 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239961
Abstrakt: Objective: COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors.
Methods: We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms).
Results: 1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dose-dependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11).
Conclusions: COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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