The Free Achilles Tendon Is Shorter, Stiffer, Has Larger Cross-Sectional Area and Longer T2 * Relaxation Time in Trained Middle-Distance Runners Compared to Healthy Controls.

Autor:	Devaprakash D; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; Griffith Centre for Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia., Obst SJ; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia., Lloyd DG; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; Griffith Centre for Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia., Barrett RS; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; Griffith Centre for Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia., Kennedy B; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; QSCAN Radiology Clinics, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia., Ball I; Philips Healthcare, Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Adams KL; Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Collings TJ; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; Griffith Centre for Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia., Davico G; Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; Medical Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy., Hunter A; Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Vlahovich N; Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Pease DL; Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Pizzolato C; School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.; Griffith Centre for Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2020 Aug 27; Vol. 11, pp. 965. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 27 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2020.00965
Abstrakt:	Tendon geometry and tissue properties are important determinants of tendon function and injury risk and are altered in response to ageing, disease, and physical activity levels. The purpose of this study was to compare free Achilles tendon geometry and mechanical properties between trained elite/sub-elite middle-distance runners and a healthy control group. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure free Achilles tendon volume, length, average cross-sectional area (CSA), regional CSA, moment arm, and T2 * relaxation time at rest, while freehand three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) was used to quantify free Achilles tendon mechanical stiffness, Young's modulus, and length normalised mechanical stiffness. The free Achilles tendon in trained runners was significantly shorter and the average and regional CSA (distal end) were significantly larger compared to the control group. Mechanical stiffness of the free Achilles tendon was also significantly higher in trained runners compared to controls, which was explained by the group differences in tendon CSA and length. T2 * relaxation time was significantly longer in trained middle-distance runners when compared to healthy controls. There was no relationship between T2 * relaxation time and Young's modulus. The longer T2 * relaxation time in trained runners may be indicative of accumulated damage, disorganised collagen, and increased water content in the free Achilles tendon. A short free Achilles tendon with large CSA and higher mechanical stiffness may enable trained runners to rapidly transfer high muscle forces and possibly reduce the risk of tendon damage from mechanical fatigue. (Copyright © 2020 Devaprakash, Obst, Lloyd, Barrett, Kennedy, Ball, Adams, Collings, Davico, Hunter, Vlahovich, Pease and Pizzolato.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu