A pilot study on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains from tuberculosis patients in the Littoral region of Cameroon.

Autor:	Thumamo Pokam BD; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Buea, Cameroon.; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Yeboah-Manu D; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Teyim PM; Douala Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Littoral Region, Cameroon., Guemdjom PW; Department of Public Health, University of Buea, Cameroon., Wabo B; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Buea, Cameroon., Fankep ABD; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Buea, Cameroon., Okonu RE; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Asuquo AE; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases [J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis] 2020 Sep 01; Vol. 21, pp. 100182. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 01 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.1016/j.jctube.2020.100182
Abstrakt:	Background: The re-emergence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, compounded by multi-drug resistance (MDR) of the causative agents constitutes a major challenge to the management of the disease. Rapid diagnosis and accurate strain identification are pivotal to the control of the disease. This pilot study investigated the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains from TB patients in the Littoral region of Cameroon as well as their resistance to rifampicin (RIF). Patients and Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital-based study carried out between January and December 2017 and including 158 isolates from sputum smear positive individuals [105 (66.5%) males and 53 (33.5%) females]. Sputum samples were tested using Xpert MTB/RIF, followed by culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. Isolates were further subjected to molecular characterization using IS6110 typing, deletion analysis and spoligotyping. Results: Thirteen (8.8%) of the 147 isolates with susceptibility results available were resistant to RIF. Drug resistance occurred in 5/50 (10%) female compared to 8/97 (8.2%) male (OR, 0.81; 0.25-2.62; p = 0.764), and there was no significant difference across the age ranges (p = 0.448). On the other hand, RIF resistance was associated (OR, 0.18, 95%CI, 0.05-0.69; p = 0.023) with previously treated patients [(4/14 (28.6%)] compared to new ones [9/133 (6.8%)]. The 150 identified lineages included among others 54 (36%) Cameroon, 18 (12%) UgandaI, 32 (21.3%) Haarlem, 17 (11.3%) Ghana, 9(6%) West African 1, 7(4.7%) Delhi/CAS, 4 (2.7%) LAM and 3 (2%) UgandaII. Of the 150 isolates, the major cluster was the Cameroon SIT 61, with 43(28.7%) isolates. Six (35.3%) of the 17 UgandaI sub-lineage were RIF resistant (OR, 9.58; 95%CI, 2.74-33.55, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The cosmopolitan Littoral region presents with a wide Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains diversity and the UgandaI sub-lineage likely associated with RIF resistance. Understanding the spread of this clade through surveillance will enhance TB control in the region. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2020 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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