Implementing the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus in a Rural Nigerian Population.

Autor: Olumodeji AM; Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria., Okere RA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Adebara IO; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ajani GO; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti and Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Adewara OE; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ghazali SM; Department of Chemical Pathology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Olumodeji UO; Department of Ophthalmology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Pan African medical journal [Pan Afr Med J] 2020 Jul 22; Vol. 36, pp. 208. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 22 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.208.20818
Abstrakt: Introduction: the World Health Organization (WHO) reviewed the threshold values required for the diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in 2013 and the implementation of the new diagnostic criteria have been associated with increase in the prevalence of GDM in some populations. The new cohort of pregnant women that will be labeled to have GDM by the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria but not by the 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria will pose additional burden to specialized antenatal care, though their pregnancy outcome may not warrant such care. It is thus important to first determine the effect of the implementation of these new consensus diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of GDM in our environment.
Methods: this is a prospective hospital-based study that compared the implementation of both 1999 and 2013 WHO GDM diagnostic criteria among 117 pregnant women who were initially screened with 50-gram Glucose Challenge Test (50-g GCT). Women with a positive Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) result underwent a 75-gram Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (75-g OGTT), which was used as the actual diagnostic test for GDM using both 2013 WHO and 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria. Associations between variables were tested using Chi-square, Fisher's exact and t-test as appropriate. Significance level was set at P value < 0.05.
Results: the prevalence rates of GDM in the study were 2.6% and 7.7% for 1999 WHO and 2013 WHO criteria respectively. Clinical characteristics were similar in women with GDM and women without GDM. The fasting component of the OGTT identified all the women with GDM.
Conclusion: the implementation of the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria is associated with a 2.5 to 3-fold rise in the prevalence of GDM. Selective risk-factor based screening may be clinically irrelevant with the adoption of the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria. A minimum of fasting plasma glucose in resource poor settings can be considered to identify women with GDM since it appeared to have 100% sensitivity in our study.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(Copyright: Ayokunle Moses Olumodeji et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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