Omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease in Inuit: First prospective cohort study.

Autor: Senftleber NK; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: ninna.senftleber@regionh.dk., Albrechtsen A; Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Lauritzen L; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Larsen CL; National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Denmark., Bjerregaard P; National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Denmark., Diaz LJ; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark., Rønn PF; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark., Jørgensen ME; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Denmark.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Atherosclerosis [Atherosclerosis] 2020 Nov; Vol. 312, pp. 28-34. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.08.032
Abstrakt: Background and Aims: No prospective study have ever assessed if marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect Inuit against cardiovascular disease as claimed. It is highly relevant as cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence rates are rising concurrent with a westernization of diet. We aimed to assess the association between blood cell membrane phospholipid content of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA) on CVD risk in Inuit.
Methods: We used data from a cohort of adult Greenlanders with follow-up in national registers. The main outcome was fatal and non-fatal CVD incidence among participants without previous CVD. The continuous effect of EPA + DHA was calculated as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) using Poisson regression with age as time scale, adjusting for age, sex, genetic admixture, lifestyle and dietary risk factors.
Results: Out of 3095 eligible participants, 2924 were included. During a median follow-up of 9.7 years, 216 had their first CVD event (8.3 events/1000 person years). No association between EPA + DHA and CVD risk was seen, with IRR = 0.99 per percentage point EPA + DHA increase (95% CI: 0.95-1.03, p = 0.59). No association was seen with risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (IRR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.97-1.09) and stroke (IRR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.93-1.03) as separate outcomes or for intake of EPA and DHA.
Conclusions: We can exclude that the CVD risk reduction is larger than 21% for individuals at the 75% EPA + DHA percentile compared to the 25% percentile. We need a larger sample size and/or longer follow-up to detect smaller effects and associations with IHD and/or stroke.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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