Coccidioidomycosis in llamas and alpacas diagnosed at the University of California, Davis (1990-2016).

Autor:	Grayzel SE; Columbia Veterinary Center, Vancouver, Washington, USA., Thompson GR; Department of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA., Martínez-López B; Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance (CADMS), Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA., Dechant JE; Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA., McHardy I; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA., Sykes JE; Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medical mycology [Med Mycol] 2020 Sep 17. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 17.
DOI:	10.1093/mmy/myaa082
Abstrakt:	Given the predisposition of South American camelids to coccidioidomycosis, we sought to describe the disease presentation in alpacas and llamas and identify potential risk factors for these species. The records of 224 llamas and alpacas that were tested for Coccidioides infection using immunodiffusion serology at the Coccidioidomycosis Serology Laboratory of the University of California, Davis, between 1990 and 2016 were examined; of those, 46 alpacas and 42 llamas had positive test results. The remaining 99 alpacas and 37 llamas were used as control groups. We found that male llamas were at increased risk for Coccidioides infection when compared with female llamas and when compared with male alpacas. South American camelids living within California were at higher risk for infection than camelids living in other states. Alpacas were more likely than llamas to have subclinical infections. We documented five cases of abortion or neonatal mortality attributable to coccidioidomycosis in alpacas. Our study demonstrates that South American camelids are susceptible to Coccidioides infection in areas where the disease is endemic, lending support to the importance of vigilance for this disease in alpacas and llamas and suggesting a possible role for these animals as sentinel species. Lay Summary: We examined cases of Valley Fever and described the disease and risk factors for llamas and alpacas. Male llamas were at increased risk for infection as were animals living within California. Five alpacas had miscarriages or neonatal deaths as a result of Valley Fever infections. (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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