Population genomics of the Viking world.

Autor: Margaryan A; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia.; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Lawson DJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; School of Statistical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Sikora M; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Racimo F; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Rasmussen S; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Moltke I; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Cassidy LM; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Jørsboe E; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Ingason A; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Pedersen MW; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Korneliussen T; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; HSE University, Russian Federation National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Wilhelmson H; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.; Sydsvensk Arkeologi AB, Kristianstad, Sweden., Buś MM; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., de Barros Damgaard P; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Martiniano R; Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Renaud G; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Health Technology, Section for Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen, Denmark., Bhérer C; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Moreno-Mayar JV; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico., Fotakis AK; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Allen M; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Allmäe R; Archaeological Research Collection, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia., Molak M; Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Cappellini E; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Scorrano G; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., McColl H; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Buzhilova A; Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Fox A; Manx National Heritage, Douglas, Isle of Man., Albrechtsen A; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Schütz B; Upplandsmuseet, Uppsala, Sweden., Skar B; NTNU University Museum, Department of Archaeology and Cultural History, Trondheim, Norway., Arcini C; The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Stockholm, Sweden., Falys C; Thames Valley Archaeological Services (TVAS), Reading, UK., Jonson CH; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Błaszczyk D; Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Pezhemsky D; Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Turner-Walker G; Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Taiwan., Gestsdóttir H; Institute of Archaeology, Reykjavík, Iceland., Lundstrøm I; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Gustin I; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Mainland I; UHI Archaeology Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Kirkwall, UK., Potekhina I; Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine., Muntoni IM; Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le Province di Barletta, Andria, Trani e Foggia, Foggia, Italy., Cheng J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Stenderup J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Ma J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Gibson J; UHI Archaeology Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Kirkwall, UK., Peets J; Archaeological Research Collection, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia., Gustafsson J; Jönköping County Museum, Jönköping, Sweden., Iversen KH; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Health Technology, Section for Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen, Denmark., Simpson L; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Strand L; NTNU University Museum, Department of Archaeology and Cultural History, Trondheim, Norway., Loe L; Heritage Burial Services, Oxford Archaeology, Oxford, UK., Sikora M; National Museum of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland., Florek M; Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland., Vretemark M; Västergötlands Museum, Skara, Sweden., Redknap M; Department of History and Archaeology, Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales, Cardiff, UK., Bajka M; Trzy Epoki Archaeological Service, Klimontów, Poland., Pushkina T; Historical Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Søvsø M; Museum of Southwest Jutland, Ribe, Denmark., Grigoreva N; Department of Slavic-Finnish Archaeology, Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia., Christensen T; National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Kastholm O; Department of Research and Heritage, Roskilde Museum, Roskilde, Denmark., Uldum O; Langelands Museum, Langeland, Denmark., Favia P; Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy., Holck P; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Sten S; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University Campus Gotland, Visby, Sweden., Arge SV; Tjóðsavnið - Faroe Islands National Museum, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands., Ellingvåg S; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Moiseyev V; Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg, Russia., Bogdanowicz W; Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Magnusson Y; Malmö Museum, Malmö, Sweden., Orlando L; Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse, CNRS UMR 5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France., Pentz P; National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Jessen MD; National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Pedersen A; National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Collard M; Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Colombia, Canada., Bradley DG; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Jørkov ML; Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Arneborg J; National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.; School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Lynnerup N; Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Price N; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Gilbert MTP; Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway., Allentoft ME; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Trace and Environmental DNA (TrEnD) Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia., Bill J; Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Sindbæk SM; Centre for Urban Network Evolutions (UrbNet), School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, Højbjerg, Denmark., Hedeager L; Institute of Archaeology, Conservation and History, Oslo, Norway., Kristiansen K; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Nielsen R; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu.; Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu.; Department of Statistics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu., Werge T; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Thomas.Werge@regionh.dk.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Thomas.Werge@regionh.dk.; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Thomas.Werge@regionh.dk.; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark. Thomas.Werge@regionh.dk., Willerslev E; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ew482@cam.ac.uk.; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ew482@cam.ac.uk.; The Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ew482@cam.ac.uk.; The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK. ew482@cam.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2020 Sep; Vol. 585 (7825), pp. 390-396. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 16.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2688-8
Abstrakt: The maritime expansion of Scandinavian populations during the Viking Age (about AD 750-1050) was a far-flung transformation in world history 1,2 . Here we sequenced the genomes of 442 humans from archaeological sites across Europe and Greenland (to a median depth of about 1×) to understand the global influence of this expansion. We find the Viking period involved gene flow into Scandinavia from the south and east. We observe genetic structure within Scandinavia, with diversity hotspots in the south and restricted gene flow within Scandinavia. We find evidence for a major influx of Danish ancestry into England; a Swedish influx into the Baltic; and Norwegian influx into Ireland, Iceland and Greenland. Additionally, we see substantial ancestry from elsewhere in Europe entering Scandinavia during the Viking Age. Our ancient DNA analysis also revealed that a Viking expedition included close family members. By comparing with modern populations, we find that pigmentation-associated loci have undergone strong population differentiation during the past millennium, and trace positively selected loci-including the lactase-persistence allele of LCT and alleles of ANKA that are associated with the immune response-in detail. We conclude that the Viking diaspora was characterized by substantial transregional engagement: distinct populations influenced the genomic makeup of different regions of Europe, and Scandinavia experienced increased contact with the rest of the continent.
Databáze: MEDLINE