| Autor: |
Helal MA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.; Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt., Abdel-Gawad AM; Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt., Kandil OM; Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt., Khalifa MME; Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt., Cave GWV; School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK., Morrison AA; Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK., Bartley DJ; Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK., Elsheikha HM; School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
The anthelmintic effects of extracted coriander oil and five pure essential oil constituents (geraniol, geranyl acetate, eugenol, methyl iso-eugenol, and linalool) were tested, using larval motility assay, on the third-stage larvae (L3s) of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus vitrinus and Cooperia oncophora . Coriander oil and linalool, a major component of tested coriander oil, showed a strong inhibitory efficacy against all species, except C. oncophora with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) that ranged from 0.56 to 1.41% for the coriander oil and 0.51 to 1.76% for linalool. The coriander oil and linalool combinations conferred a synergistic anthelmintic effect (combination index [CI] <1) on larval motility comparable to positive control (20 mg/mL levamisole) within 24 h ( p < 0.05), reduced IC 50 values to 0.11-0.49% and induced a considerable structural damage to L3s. Results of the combined treatment were validated by quantitative fluorometric microplate-based assays using Sytox green, propidium iodide and C 12 -resazurin, which successfully discriminated live/dead larvae. Only Sytox green staining achieved IC 50 values comparable to that of the larval motility assay. The cytotoxicity of the combined coriander oil and linalool on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells was evaluated using sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay and showed no significant cytotoxic effect at concentrations < 1%. These results indicate that testing essential oils and their main components may help to find new potential anthelmintic compounds, while at the same time reducing the reliance on synthetic anthelmintics. |
