| Autor: |
Martinez PJ; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain., Agudiez M; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain., Molero D; CAI-RMN, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Martin-Lorenzo M; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain., Baldan-Martin M; Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, Toledo, Spain., Santiago-Hernandez A; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain., García-Segura JM; CAI-RMN, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain., Madruga F; Departament of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain., Cabrera M; Ibermutuamur, Madrid, Spain., Calvo E; Ibermutuamur, Madrid, Spain., Ruiz-Hurtado G; Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación I+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.; CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain., Barderas MG; Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, Toledo, Spain., Vivanco F; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain., Ruilope LM; Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación I+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.; CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.; School of Doctoral Studies and Research, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Alvarez-Llamas G; Department of Immunology, Immunoallergy and Proteomics Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain. galvarez@fjd.es.; REDINREN, Madrid, Spain. galvarez@fjd.es. |
| Abstrakt: |
The predictive value of traditional cardiovascular risk estimators is limited, and young and elderly populations are particularly underrepresented. We aimed to investigate the urine metabolome and its association with cardiovascular risk to identify novel markers that might complement current estimators based on age. Urine samples were collected from 234 subjects categorized into three age-grouped cohorts: 30-50 years (cohort I, young), 50-70 years (cohort II, middle-aged), and > 70 years (cohort III, elderly). Each cohort was further classified into three groups: (a) control, (b) individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, and (c) those who had a previous cardiovascular event. Novel urinary metabolites linked to cardiovascular risk were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance in cohort I and then evaluated by target mass spectrometry quantification in all cohorts. A previously identified metabolic fingerprint associated with atherosclerosis was also analyzed and its potential risk estimation investigated in the three aged cohorts. Three different metabolic signatures were identified according to age: 2-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, hypoxanthine, guanidoacetate, oxaloacetate, and serine in young adults; citrate, cyclohexanol, glutamine, lysine, pantothenate, pipecolate, threonine, and tyramine shared by middle-aged and elderly adults; and trimethylamine N-oxide and glucuronate associated with cardiovascular risk in all three cohorts. The urinary metabolome contains a metabolic signature of cardiovascular risk that differs across age groups. These signatures might serve to complement existing algorithms and improve the accuracy of cardiovascular risk prediction for personalized prevention. KEY MESSAGES: • Cardiovascular risk in the young and elderly is underestimated. • The urinary metabolome reflects cardiovascular risk across all age groups. • Six metabolites constitute a metabolic signature of cardiovascular risk in young adults. • Middle-aged and elderly adults share a cardiovascular risk metabolic signature. • TMAO and glucuronate levels reflect cardiovascular risk across all age groups. |
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