Perceptual category learning in autism spectrum disorder: Truth and consequences.

Autor: Mercado E 3rd; University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Dept. of Psychology, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA. Electronic address: emiii@buffalo.edu., Chow K; University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Dept. of Psychology, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA., Church BA; Georgia State University, Language Research Center, 3401 Panthersville Rd., Decatur, GA, 30034, USA., Lopata C; Canisius College, Institute for Autism Research, Science Hall, 2001 Main St., Buffalo, NY, 14208, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews [Neurosci Biobehav Rev] 2020 Nov; Vol. 118, pp. 689-703. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.016
Abstrakt: The ability to categorize is fundamental to cognitive development. Some categories emerge effortlessly and rapidly while others can take years of experience to acquire. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often able to name and sort objects, suggesting that their categorization abilities are largely intact. However, recent experimental work shows that the categories formed by individuals with ASD may diverge substantially from those that most people learn. This review considers how atypical perceptual category learning can affect cognitive development in children with ASD and how atypical categorization may contribute to many of the socially problematic symptoms associated with this disorder. Theoretical approaches to understanding perceptual processing and category learning at both the behavioral and neural levels are assessed in relation to known alterations in perceptual category learning associated with ASD. Mismatches between the ways in which children learn to organize perceived events relative to their peers and adults can accumulate over time, leading to difficulties in communication, social interactions, academic performance, and behavioral flexibility.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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