Pharmacokinetics of Transdermal Flunixin Meglumine Following a Single Dose in Marine Toads ( Rhinella marina ).

Autor: Scott G; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.; Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, 303 College Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA.; Hanes Veterinary Medical Center, North Carolina Zoo, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA.; Environmental Medicine Consortium, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Louis MM; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.; Hanes Veterinary Medical Center, North Carolina Zoo, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA.; Environmental Medicine Consortium, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Balko JA; Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.; Environmental Medicine Consortium, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Bublitz CM; Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Troan BV; Hanes Veterinary Medical Center, North Carolina Zoo, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA.; Environmental Medicine Consortium, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Baynes RE; Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA., Smith D; Hanes Veterinary Medical Center, North Carolina Zoo, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA., Minter LJ; Hanes Veterinary Medical Center, North Carolina Zoo, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA.; Environmental Medicine Consortium, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary medicine international [Vet Med Int] 2020 Aug 27; Vol. 2020, pp. 8863537. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 27 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1155/2020/8863537
Abstrakt: Transdermal administration is an important method of pharmacologic drug therapy in amphibians, made possible by their unique skin physiology and permeability. Despite this, there are relatively few studies that investigate transdermal pharmacokinetics in amphibians. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of transdermal flunixin meglumine applied topically to marine toads ( Rhinella marina ). Twenty-one adult marine toads were administered flunixin meglumine (3.3 mg/kg) topically on their dorsum and randomized ( n  = 7/group) to blood collection at two timepoints from the following: 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours (h), using a sparse sampling protocol. Plasma was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were analyzed individually and reported as a mean of the samples at each timepoint. The mean peak plasma concentration was 6.31 µ g/ml, area under the curve was 29.37  μ g-h/mL, and elimination half-life was 2.79 h. No adverse effects were noted in any animals. A subset of 12 animals were euthanized at serial timepoints and necropsied. Histopathology of skin and major organs revealed one minimal superficial lesion in a single toad potentially attributable to flunixin meglumine administration; otherwise, no other treatment-related lesions were observed in 11 of 12 toads. A single topical dose of transdermal flunixin meglumine was rapidly absorbed in marine toads in the current study, and peak plasma concentrations exceeded therapeutic ranges established in cattle with no significant pathologic findings.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
(Copyright © 2020 Gregory Scott et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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