State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies.

Autor: Dyer ML; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Board AG; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Hogarth L; School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Suddell SF; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Heron JE; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Hickman M; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Munafò MR; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Attwood AS; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) [J Psychopharmacol] 2020 Nov; Vol. 34 (11), pp. 1237-1249. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 27.
DOI: 10.1177/0269881120940913
Abstrakt: Background: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) challenge.
Aims: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships.
Methods: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO 2 challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) ( n s = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings.
Results: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice ( p < .001, η p 2  = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker ( p = .076, η p 2 = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect ( p = .013, η p 2 = . 11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice ( b  = 0.05, p = .655), or a moderating role of DTC ( b = 0.01, p = .852).
Conclusions: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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