Characterization of the submarine disposal of a Bayer effluent (Gardanne alumina plant, southern France): I. Size distribution, chemical composition and settling rate of particles forming at the outfall.

Autor: Jacquet S; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France. Electronic address: stephanie.jacquet@mio.osupytheas.fr., Monnin C; Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS - Université Paul Sabatier - IRD (Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France., Herlory O; CREOCEAN, Valparc - Bât B, 230 Avenue de Rome, 83500, La Seyne sur Mer, France., Mille D; CREOCEAN, Valparc - Bât B, 230 Avenue de Rome, 83500, La Seyne sur Mer, France., Dufour A; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France., Oursel B; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France., Heimbürger-Boavida LE; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France., D'onofrio S; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France., Layglon N; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France., Garnier C; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2021 Jan; Vol. 263, pp. 127695. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 04.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127695
Abstrakt: The submarine discharge of the high pH clarified Bayer effluent of the Gardanne alumina plant (Marseille region, France) leads to the formation of concretions at the outfall 324 m underwater and to a plume of white particles. The bulk chemical composition of the concretions has been determined by SF-ICP-MS. Mg and Al are the major elements measured with concentrations of a few hundred mg g -1 . Ca and S are also found at concentrations in the range of mg g -1 . Among the measured trace elements there is a specific interest in As and V because of environmental concerns pointed out by regulation authorities. Their concentrations are of tens to thousands μg g -1 , respectively. Concentrations of the other elements are in the range of a few ng g -1 to few hundreds μg g -1 . In order to constrain the dispersion of particles in the environment and to understand how chemical elements can be scavenged from or released to seawater, the size distribution of particles composing the concretions has been measured by settling rate experiments and, for each size class of particles, their chemical composition has been determined. For example, As and V are mainly associated to particles with mean diameters between 15.6 and 63 μm and settling rates around 96 m d -1 . Overall, all the main elements (Mg, Al, Ca, S) composing concretions are associated to this size class of particles which represents 53-60% of the total concretion mass.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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