| Autor: |
Zoogman P; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Liu X; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Suleiman RM; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Pennington WF; NASA Langley Research Center., Flittner DE; NASA Langley Research Center., Al-Saadi JA; NASA Langley Research Center., Hilton BB; NASA Langley Research Center., Nicks DK; Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Newchurch MJ; University of Alabama at Huntsville., Carr JL; Carr Astronautics., Janz SJ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center., Andraschko MR; NASA Langley Research Center., Arola A; Finnish Meteorological Institute., Baker BD; Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Canova BP; Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Chan Miller C; Harvard University., Cohen RC; University of California at Berkeley., Davis JE; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Dussault ME; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Edwards DP; National Center for Atmospheric Research., Fishman J; Saint Louis University., Ghulam A; Saint Louis University., González Abad G; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Grutter M; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Herman JR; University of Maryland, Baltimore County., Houck J; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Jacob DJ; Harvard University., Joiner J; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center., Kerridge BJ; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory., Kim J; Yonsei University., Krotkov NA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center., Lamsal L; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.; GESTAR, University Space Research Association., Li C; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.; University of Maryland, Baltimore County., Lindfors A; Finnish Meteorological Institute., Martin RV; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.; Dalhousie University., McElroy CT; York University, Canada., McLinden C; Environment and Climate Change Canada., Natraj V; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory., Neil DO; NASA Langley Research Center., Nowlan CR; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., O'Sullivan EJ; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Palmer PI; University of Edinburgh., Pierce RB; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration., Pippin MR; NASA Langley Research Center., Saiz-Lopez A; Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Spain., Spurr RJD; RT Solutions, Inc., Szykman JJ; Environmental Protection Agency., Torres O; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center., Veefkind JP; Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut., Veihelmann B; European Space Agency., Wang H; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics., Wang J; University of Nebraska., Chance K; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. |
| Abstrakt: |
TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution (~2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), formaldehyde (H 2 CO), glyoxal (C 2 H 2 O 2 ), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide),water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O 3 chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O 3 in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring together with the European Sentinel-4 (S4) and Korean Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) instruments. |
Full Text from ScienceDirect