Prior trauma-related experiences predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder after a new traumatic event.

Autor: Gould F; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida., Harvey PD; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.; Research Service, Bruce W. Carter Miami VA Medical Center, Miami, Florida., Hodgins G; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina., Jones MT; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida., Michopoulos V; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Maples-Keller J; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Rothbaum BO; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Rothbaum AO; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.; Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio., Ressler KJ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.; Mclean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts., Nemeroff CB; Department of Psychiatry, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.; Institute for Early Life Adversity Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Depression and anxiety [Depress Anxiety] 2021 Jan; Vol. 38 (1), pp. 40-47. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 12.
DOI: 10.1002/da.23084
Abstrakt: Background: Many reports have documented the relationship between previous traumatic experiences, including childhood trauma, and the development of later life psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identification of individuals at greatest risk for the development of PTSD could lead to preventative interventions. The present study examined the developmental course of PTSD after trauma exposure, using histories of previous traumatic experiences and the severity of the reaction to the trauma as predictors.
Methods: Participants (N = 713) were recruited from Emergency Departments in Miami and Atlanta immediately following a traumatic experience. Histories of previous traumatic experiences and the immediate reaction to the new trauma were examined at baseline. Follow-up assessments of PTSD severity were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months.
Results: Histories of child abuse and pre-existing trauma symptoms predicted the immediate response to stress (R 2  = .21, p < .001) and the initial trauma reaction (p < .005).) A mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance found that immediate stress response and a history of prior trauma (p < .001) significantly predicted the course of PTSD symptoms. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses suggested that the presence of PTSD at each successive assessment was predicted most substantially by the severity of PTSD at the immediately prior follow-up assessment (AUC > 0.86).
Conclusions: The current findings suggest that previous traumatic experiences lead to a greater immediate reaction to trauma and combine to predict the development of PTSD, the maintenance of which is not moderated by these earlier experiences. The identification of people likely to develop PTSD may be aided by the assessment of prior experiences and immediate reactions.
(© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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