Global impacts of fertilization and herbivore removal on soil net nitrogen mineralization are modulated by local climate and soil properties.

Autor: Risch AC; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Zimmermann S; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Moser B; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Schütz M; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Hagedorn F; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Firn J; School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Qld, Australia., Fay PA; USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, USA., Adler PB; Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA., Biederman LA; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA., Blair JM; Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA., Borer ET; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA., Broadbent AAD; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK., Brown CS; Department of Agricultural Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA., Cadotte MW; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada., Caldeira MC; Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal., Davies KF; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA., di Virgilio A; Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación, INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA), Bariloche, Argentina., Eisenhauer N; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany., Eskelinen A; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland., Knops JMH; Department of Health & Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China., MacDougall AS; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada., McCulley RL; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA., Melbourne BA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA., Moore JL; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Vic., Australia., Power SA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia., Prober SM; CSIRO Land and Water, Wembley, WA, Australia., Seabloom EW; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA., Siebert J; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany., Silveira ML; Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Ona, FL, USA., Speziale KL; Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación, INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA), Bariloche, Argentina., Stevens CJ; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK., Tognetti PM; Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Virtanen R; Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland., Yahdjian L; Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Ochoa-Hueso R; Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2020 Dec; Vol. 26 (12), pp. 7173-7185. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 22.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15308
Abstrakt: Soil nitrogen (N) availability is critical for grassland functioning. However, human activities have increased the supply of biologically limiting nutrients, and changed the density and identity of mammalian herbivores. These anthropogenic changes may alter net soil N mineralization (soil net N min ), that is, the net balance between N mineralization and immobilization, which could severely impact grassland structure and functioning. Yet, to date, little is known about how fertilization and herbivore removal individually, or jointly, affect soil net N min across a wide range of grasslands that vary in soil and climatic properties. Here we collected data from 22 grasslands on five continents, all part of a globally replicated experiment, to assess how fertilization and herbivore removal affected potential (laboratory-based) and realized (field-based) soil net N min . Herbivore removal in the absence of fertilization did not alter potential and realized soil net N min . However, fertilization alone and in combination with herbivore removal consistently increased potential soil net N min. Realized soil net N min , in contrast, significantly decreased in fertilized plots where herbivores were removed. Treatment effects on potential and realized soil net N min were contingent on site-specific soil and climatic properties. Fertilization effects on potential soil net N min were larger at sites with higher mean annual precipitation (MAP) and temperature of the wettest quarter (T.q.wet). Reciprocally, realized soil net N min declined most strongly with fertilization and herbivore removal at sites with lower MAP and higher T.q.wet. In summary, our findings show that anthropogenic nutrient enrichment, herbivore exclusion and alterations in future climatic conditions can negatively impact soil net N min across global grasslands under realistic field conditions. This is an important context-dependent knowledge for grassland management worldwide.
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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