Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits.

Autor:	Newbold DJ; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: newbold@wustl.edu., Laumann TO; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Hoyt CR; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Hampton JM; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Montez DF; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Raut RV; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Ortega M; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Mitra A; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA., Nielsen AN; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA., Miller DB; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Adeyemo B; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Nguyen AL; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Scheidter KM; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Tanenbaum AB; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Van AN; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Marek S; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Schlaggar BL; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA., Carter AR; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Greene DJ; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Gordon EM; VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA., Raichle ME; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Petersen SE; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA., Snyder AZ; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA., Dosenbach NUF; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: dosenbachn@wustl.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neuron [Neuron] 2020 Aug 05; Vol. 107 (3), pp. 580-589.e6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 16.
DOI:	10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007
Abstrakt:	To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits. Competing Interests: Declaration Of Interests The authors declare the following competing financial interest: N.U.F.D. is co-founder of NOUS Imaging. (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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