Transmitted drug resistance mutations and subtype diversity amongst HIV-1 sero-positive voluntary blood donors in Accra, Ghana.

Autor: Obeng BM; Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. vifredobeng@gmail.com.; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. vifredobeng@gmail.com., Bonney EY; Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Asamoah-Akuoko L; Department of Research, National Blood Service, Accra, Ghana., Nii-Trebi NI; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Mawuli G; Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Abana CZ; Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Sagoe KWC; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. kwcsagoe@chs.edu.gh.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Virology journal [Virol J] 2020 Jul 24; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 114. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 24.
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01386-y
Abstrakt: Background: Detection of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and subtype diversity (SD) are public health strategies to assess current HIV-1 regimen and ensure effective therapeutic outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-1 patients. Globally, limited data exist on TDR and SD among blood donors. In this study, drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and SD amongst HIV-1 sero-positive blood donors in Accra, Ghana were characterized.
Methods: Purposive sampling method was used to collect 81 HIV sero-positive blood samples from the Southern Area Blood Center and confirmed by INNO-LIA as HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Viral RNA was only extracted from plasma samples confirmed as HIV-1 positive. Complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized using the RNA as a template and subsequently amplified by nested PCR with specific primers. The expected products were verified, purified and sequenced. Neighbour-joining tree with the Kimura's 2-parameter distances was generated with the RT sequences using Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis version 6.0 (MEGA 6.0).
Results: Out of the 81 plasma samples, 60 (74%) were confirmed as HIV-1 sero-positive by INNO-LIA HIVI/II Score kit with no HIV-2 and dual HIV-1/2 infections. The remaining samples, 21 (26%) were confirmed as HIV sero-negative. Of the 60 confirmed positive samples, (32) 53% and (28) 47% were successfully amplified in the RT and PR genes respectively. Nucleotide sequencing of amplified samples revealed the presence of major drug resistance mutations in two (2) samples; E138A in one sample and another with K65R. HIV-1 Subtypes including subtypes A, B, CRF02_AG and CRF09_cpx were found.
Conclusion: This study found major drug resistance mutations, E138A and K65R in the RT gene that confer high level resistance to most NNRTIs and NRTI respectively. CRF02_AG was most predominant, the recorded percentage of subtype B and the evolutionary relationship inferred by phylogenetic analysis may suggest possible subtype importation. However, a more prospective and detailed analysis is needed to establish this phenomenon. The data obtained would inform the selection of drugs for ART initiation to maximize therapeutic options in drug-naïve HIV-1 patients in Ghana.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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