Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures.

Autor: Lecocq T; Seismology-Gravimetry, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium. thomas.lecocq@seismology.be., Hicks SP; Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK., Van Noten K; Seismology-Gravimetry, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium., van Wijk K; Department of Physics, University of Auckland, New Zealand., Koelemeijer P; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK., De Plaen RSM; Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico., Massin F; Swiss Seismological Service, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Hillers G; Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Anthony RE; Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, Albuquerque, NM, USA., Apoloner MT; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG), Vienna, Austria., Arroyo-Solórzano M; Escuela Centroamericana de Geología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica., Assink JD; R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands., Büyükakpınar P; Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany., Cannata A; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy., Cannavo F; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy., Carrasco S; Bensberg Observatory, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany., Caudron C; Université. Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre, Grenoble, France., Chaves EJ; Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica at Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA), Heredia, Costa Rica., Cornwell DG; Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen, UK., Craig D; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Geophysics Section, Dublin, Ireland., den Ouden OFC; R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands.; Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands., Diaz J; Geosciences Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain., Donner S; Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany., Evangelidis CP; Institute of Geodynamics, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece., Evers L; R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands.; Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands., Fauville B; Noise Department, Brussels Environment, Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium., Fernandez GA; Observatorio San Calixto, La Paz, Bolivia., Giannopoulos D; Seismotech S.A., Athens, Greece.; Laboratory of Geophysics & Seismology, Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, Greece., Gibbons SJ; Norges Geotekniske Institutt, Oslo, Norway., Girona T; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA., Grecu B; National Institute for Earth Physics, Magurele, Romania., Grunberg M; Réseau National de Surveillance Sismique (RENASS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, EOST UMS830, Strasbourg, France., Hetényi G; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Horleston A; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK., Inza A; Instituto Geofisico del Peru, Lima, Peru., Irving JCE; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK.; Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA., Jamalreyhani M; Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany., Kafka A; Weston Observatory, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Weston, MA, USA., Koymans MR; R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands.; Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands., Labedz CR; Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA., Larose E; Université. Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre, Grenoble, France., Lindsey NJ; Geophysics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., McKinnon M; SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA.; Faculty of Science, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Megies T; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany., Miller MS; Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Minarik W; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.; GEOTOP Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada., Moresi L; Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Márquez-Ramírez VH; Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico., Möllhoff M; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Geophysics Section, Dublin, Ireland., Nesbitt IM; Raspberry Shake, S.A., Boquete, Chiriqui, Panama.; Department of Earth and Climate Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA., Niyogi S; University of California, Riverside, CA, USA., Ojeda J; Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Oth A; European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg., Proud S; National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Pulli J; Raytheon BBN Technologies, Arlington, VA, USA.; Weston Observatory, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Weston, MA, USA., Retailleau L; Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France.; Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, La Plaine des Cafres, France., Rintamäki AE; Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Satriano C; Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France., Savage MK; School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand., Shani-Kadmiel S; Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands., Sleeman R; R&D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands., Sokos E; Department of Geology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece., Stammler K; Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany., Stott AE; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK., Subedi S; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Sørensen MB; Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Taira T; Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Tapia M; Laboratori d'Estudis Geofísics Eduard Fontserè, Institut d'Estudis Catalans (LEGEF-IEC), Barcelona, Spain., Turhan F; Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey., van der Pluijm B; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Vanstone M; Geology Department, Truro School, Truro, Cornwall, UK., Vergne J; Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, Strasbourg, France., Vuorinen TAT; Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Warren T; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Wassermann J; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany., Xiao H; Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2020 Sep 11; Vol. 369 (6509), pp. 1338-1343. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 23.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abd2438
Abstrakt: Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. Although the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This quiet period provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of human activities.
(Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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