Enhanced biodiversity of gut flora and feed efficiency in pond cultured tilapia under reduced frequency feeding strategies.

Autor: Salger SA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America., Reza J; Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Deck CA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America., Wahab MA; Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.; WorldFish, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Baltzegar DA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.; Genomic Sciences Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America., Murr AT; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America., Borski RJ; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Jul 23; Vol. 15 (7), pp. e0236100. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 23 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236100
Abstrakt: Feed constitutes 50-70% of total production costs of tilapia, one of the most widely cultured finfishes in the world. We evaluated reduced-feeding strategies for improving production efficiency of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In a 12-week pond trial, fish were fed daily, every other day, every third day, or not at all. Ponds were fertilized to enhance natural foods. In a fifth group fish were fed daily without pond fertilization. Fish fed daily with or without pond fertilization and fish fed every other day had higher specific growth rates, survivability, and net production than the other two treatments. Fish feed efficiency and benefit to cost ratio was highest for treatments fed in a pulsatile manner (i.e. fed every other day or every third day) with fish fed on alternate days providing the best net return among all groups. Fish fed on alternate days had more moderate gene expression levels of intestinal nutrient transporters which may allow for a more balanced and efficient nutrient uptake. Fecal microbe analyses identified 145 families of prokaryotic and 132 genera of eukaryotic organisms in tilapia. The highest diversity of prokaryotes was found in fish fed either every other day or daily in fertilized ponds and the highest diversity of eukaryotes was found in fish fed every other day. These studies indicate feeding Nile tilapia on alternate days along with weekly pond fertilization has no deleterious effects on growth, survivability, or production versus daily feeding regimes, but enhances feed efficiency by 76% and provides the greatest net return on investments. Our studies also suggest for the first time that combining alternate-day feeding with pond fertilization produces the greatest microbial biodiversity in the intestine that could contribute to enhanced feed efficiency and overall health of tilapia.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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