Insights into the microbial composition and potential efficiency of selected commercial biofertilisers.

Autor:	Raimi A; Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa.; Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa., Roopnarain A; Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa.; Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa., Chirima GJ; Centre for Geoinformation Science, Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.; Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, Private Bag 3, South Africa., Adeleke R; Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa.; Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2020 Jul 14; Vol. 6 (7), pp. e04342. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 14 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04342
Abstrakt:	This study investigated 13-commercial biofertilisers for their microbial contents and potential functional capabilities using a culture-based approach. Isolates obtained were identified by sequencing the partial I6S rRNA gene and ITS 1 and 2 regions and screened for plant growth-promoting capabilities. A total of 58 bacterial and three fungal isolates were obtained from all biofertilisers, with major genera being Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Candida and Aspergillus . Five of the biofertilisers had the microbes (all or some) listed in the label detected while eight products had none detected. All the products had more microbes than that declared in the labels, suggesting the presence of potential contaminants. Generally, all the identified microbes, including the potential contaminants, had different beneficial capabilities. Approximately 40% of the isolates showed potential for nitrogen-fixation, while 27% exhibited high phosphate-solubilisation ability. Additionally, 87% of the isolates produced indole acetic acid in the range of 0.1-114.4 μg/mL. High levels of siderophore production were mainly observed amongst Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera. The potential of the microbes, including those not listed in the label, to fix nitrogen and produce acid phosphatase, indole acetic acid and siderophore, was highest in four products. This suggests the products have multiple functional abilities in improving crop productivity. However, other qualities of biofertiliser, such as viable cell count and level of contamination, must always be within the acceptable standards. This will guarantee high product quality as well as efficiency when applied in the field. Overall, the results show that there is a high correlation between microbial compositions and potential capability of biofertilisers for plant-growth promotion. (© 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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