Clinical assessment of heartworm-infected Beagles treated with a combination of imidacloprid/moxidectin and doxycycline, or untreated.

Autor: Savadelis MD; Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Coleman AE; Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Rapoport GS; Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Sharma A; Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Sakamoto K; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Keys DA; Keys Consulting, Athens, Georgia, USA., Ohmes CM; Bayer HealthCare Animal Health, Shawnee, Kansas, USA., Hostetler JA; Bayer HealthCare Animal Health, Shawnee, Kansas, USA., Dzimianski MT; Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA., Moorhead AR; Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of veterinary internal medicine [J Vet Intern Med] 2020 Sep; Vol. 34 (5), pp. 1734-1745. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 21.
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15853
Abstrakt: Background: Administration of moxidectin topically and doxycycline PO has been utilized experimentally as an alternative treatment for heartworm disease. However, clinical effects of this protocol remain poorly characterized.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical and postmortem findings associated with administration of doxycycline and monthly 10% imidacloprid + 2.5% moxidectin (IMD + MOX, Advantage Multi/Advocate) to Dirofilaria immitis-experimentally infected as compared to nontreated control dogs.
Animals: Sixteen purpose-bred, female, Beagle dogs.
Methods: Prospective, blinded, experimental study. Animals with surgically transplanted adult heartworms were randomized into 2 study groups of equal size: a nontreated control group (n = 8) and an IMD + MOX and doxycycline-treated group (n = 8). Randomization was performed using a complete block design according to circulating microfilarial concentrations, measured before treatment. Serum biochemical profiles, CBCs, thoracic radiographs and echocardiograms were performed prior to and 3 weeks after transplantation, and monthly for 10 months. Postmortem gross and histopathologic evaluations were performed.
Results: Compared to control animals, mean ± SD serum alanine aminotransferase (181 ± 203 U/L vs 33 ± 7 U/L; P < .0001) and alkaline phosphatase (246 ± 258 U/L vs 58 ± 19 U/L; P < .0001) activities were significantly higher in the treated group on day 28. Radiographic and echocardiographic evidence of heartworm disease was observed in both groups; however, no significant differences in these variables were noted between groups. Mean ± SD pulmonary arterial thrombus score was significantly higher in the treated vs nontreated group (3.9 ± 0.4 and 1.5 ± 2.1, respectively; P = .01).
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The treatment protocol was well-tolerated with no clinically relevant adverse effects for any variable evaluated during the observational period.
(© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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