Assessment of NO 2 observations during DISCOVER-AQ and KORUS-AQ field campaigns.

Autor: Choi S; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD 20706, USA., Lamsal LN; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD 21046, USA., Follette-Cook M; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 20251, USA., Joiner J; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA., Krotkov NA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA., Swartz WH; Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA., Pickering KE; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA., Loughner CP; NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, College Park, MD 20740, USA., Appel W; Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA., Pfister G; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, USA., Saide PE; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, and Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA., Cohen RC; Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Weinheimer AJ; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, USA., Herman JR; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Atmospheric measurement techniques [Atmos Meas Tech] 2020 May 19; Vol. 13 (5).
DOI: 10.5194/amt-13-2523-2020
Abstrakt: NASA's Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ, conducted in 2011-2014) campaign in the United States and the joint NASA and National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) Korea-United States Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ, conducted in 2016) in South Korea were two field study programs that provided comprehensive, integrated datasets of airborne and surface observations of atmospheric constituents, including nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), with the goal of improving the interpretation of spaceborne remote sensing data. Various types of NO 2 measurements were made, including in situ concentrations and column amounts of NO 2 using ground- and aircraft-based instruments, while NO 2 column amounts were being derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite. This study takes advantage of these unique datasets by first evaluating in situ data taken from two different instruments on the same aircraft platform, comparing coincidently sampled profile-integrated columns from aircraft spirals with remotely sensed column observations from ground-based Pandora spectrometers, intercomparing column observations from the ground (Pandora), aircraft (in situ vertical spirals), and space (OMI), and evaluating NO 2 simulations from coarse Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) and high-resolution regional models. We then use these data to interpret observed discrepancies due to differences in sampling and deficiencies in the data reduction process. Finally, we assess satellite retrieval sensitivity to observed and modeled a priori NO 2 profiles. Contemporaneous measurements from two aircraft instruments that likely sample similar air masses generally agree very well but are also found to differ in integrated columns by up to 31.9 %. These show even larger differences with Pandora, reaching up to 53.9 %, potentially due to a combination of strong gradients in NO 2 fields that could be missed by aircraft spirals and errors in the Pandora retrievals. OMI NO 2 values are about a factor of 2 lower in these highly polluted environments due in part to inaccurate retrieval assumptions (e.g., a priori profiles) but mostly to OMI's large footprint (> 312 km 2 ).
Competing Interests: Competing interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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