Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment.

Autor: Nguyen-Van-Tam JS; Health Protection and Influenza Research Group, Division of Epidemiology and Public Heath, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom., Killingley B; Health Protection and Influenza Research Group, Division of Epidemiology and Public Heath, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom., Enstone J; Health Protection and Influenza Research Group, Division of Epidemiology and Public Heath, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom., Hewitt M; Health Protection and Influenza Research Group, Division of Epidemiology and Public Heath, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom., Pantelic J; University of Maryland School of Public Health, Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Grantham ML; University of Maryland School of Public Health, Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Bueno de Mesquita PJ; University of Maryland School of Public Health, Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Lambkin-Williams R; hVIVO London, United Kingdom., Gilbert A; hVIVO London, United Kingdom., Mann A; hVIVO London, United Kingdom., Forni J; hVIVO London, United Kingdom., Noakes CJ; University of Leeds School of Civil Engineering, Leeds, United Kingdom., Levine MZ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Division, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America., Berman L; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Division, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America., Lindstrom S; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Division, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America., Cauchemez S; Imperial College London, MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London, United Kingdom., Bischoff W; Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America., Tellier R; McGill University, Dept of Medicine, Montreal, Canada., Milton DK; University of Maryland School of Public Health, Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, College Park, Maryland, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2020 Jul 13; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e1008704. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 13 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008704
Abstrakt: Uncertainty about the importance of influenza transmission by airborne droplet nuclei generates controversy for infection control. Human challenge-transmission studies have been supported as the most promising approach to fill this knowledge gap. Healthy, seronegative volunteer 'Donors' (n = 52) were randomly selected for intranasal challenge with influenza A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2). 'Recipients' randomized to Intervention (IR, n = 40) or Control (CR, n = 35) groups were exposed to Donors for four days. IRs wore face shields and hand sanitized frequently to limit large droplet and contact transmission. One transmitted infection was confirmed by serology in a CR, yielding a secondary attack rate of 2.9% among CR, 0% in IR (p = 0.47 for group difference), and 1.3% overall, significantly less than 16% (p<0.001) expected based on a proof-of-concept study secondary attack rate and considering that there were twice as many Donors and days of exposure. The main difference between these studies was mechanical building ventilation in the follow-on study, suggesting a possible role for aerosols.
Competing Interests: I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: JSN-V-T and BK declare previous consultancy fees from H-Vivo plc, unrelated to the current work. JSN-V-T is currently seconded to the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), England; the views expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of DHSC. RLW, AG and AM are employees of H-Vivo plc each of whom hold shares and /or share options in the company.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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