Natural environments in the urban context and gut microbiota in infants.

Autor: Nielsen CC; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; inVIVO Planetary Health, Canada., Gascon M; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain., Osornio-Vargas AR; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; inVIVO Planetary Health, Canada., Shier C; Urban Form and Corporate Strategic Development, City Planning, City of Edmonton, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Guttman DS; Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Becker AB; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada., Azad MB; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada., Sears MR; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Lefebvre DL; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Moraes TJ; Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Turvey SE; Department of Pediatrics, Child & Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Subbarao P; Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Takaro TK; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Brook JR; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Scott JA; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Mandhane PJ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Tun HM; HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; inVIVO Planetary Health, Canada. Electronic address: heinmtun@hku.hk., Kozyrskyj AL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; inVIVO Planetary Health, Canada. Electronic address: kozyrsky@ualberta.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environment international [Environ Int] 2020 Sep; Vol. 142, pp. 105881. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 28.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105881
Abstrakt: The biodiversity hypothesis that contact with natural environments (e.g. native vegetation) and biodiversity, through the influence of environmental microbes, may be beneficial for human commensal microbiota has been insufficiently tested. We aimed to study the association between living near natural environments in the urban context, and gut microbiota diversity and composition in young infants. Based on data linkage between the unique Urban Primary Land and Vegetation Inventory (uPLVI) for the city of Edmonton and 355 infants in the CHILD Cohort Study, infant exposure to natural environments (any and specific types, yes/no) was determined within 500 m and 1000 m of their home residence. Gut microbiota composition and diversity at age 4 months was assessed in infant fecal samples. Adjusted for covariates, we observed a reduced odds of high microbial alpha-diversity in the gut of infants exposed to any natural environment within 500 m [Shannon index aOR (95%CI) = 0.63 (0.40, 0.98) and Simpson index = 0.63 (0.41, 0.98)]. In stratified analyses, these associations remained only among infants not breastfed or living with household pets. When doubly stratifying by these variables, the reduced likelihood of high alpha-diversity was present only among infants who were not breastfed and lived with household pets [9% of the study population, Shannon index = 0.07 (0.01, 0.49) and Simpson index = 0.11 (0.02, 0.66)]. Differences in beta-diversity was also seen (p = 0.04) with proximity to a nature space in not breastfed and pets-exposed infants. No associations were observed among infants who were fully formula-fed but without pets at home. When families and their pets had close access to a natural environment, Verrucomicrobiales colonization was reduced in the gut microbiota of formula-fed infants, the abundance of Clostridiales was depleted, whereas the abundance of Enterobacteriales was enriched. Our double-stratified results indicate that proximity to a natural environment plus pet ownership has the capacity to alter the gut microbiota of formula-fed infants. Further research is needed to replicate and better interpret these results, as well as to understand their health consequences.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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