Opisthorchis felineus infection, risks, and morbidity in rural Western Siberia, Russian Federation.

Autor: Fedorova OS; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Fedotova MM; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Zvonareva OI; Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.; Central Research laboratory, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Mazeina SV; Shegarskiy Regional Hospital, Tomsk Oblast, Russian Federation., Kovshirina YV; Department of Infectious diseases and Epidemiology, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Sokolova TS; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Golovach EA; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Kovshirina AE; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Konovalova UV; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Kolomeets IL; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Gutor SS; Central Research laboratory, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Petrov VA; Central Research laboratory, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Hattendorf J; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Ogorodova LM; Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation., Odermatt P; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2020 Jun 29; Vol. 14 (6), pp. e0008421. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 29 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008421
Abstrakt: Background: The liver fluke, Opisthorchis felineus, is widely distributed throughout Europe and large parts of the Russian Federation. In Western Siberia, information about opisthorchiasis is lacking although infection may lead to severe liver and bile duct diseases. We aimed to assess the current prevalence of O. felineus infection along with associated risk factors and morbidity in rural Western Siberia.
Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in the rural Shegarskiy district, Tomsk Oblast, Russian Federation. All household members (≥ 7 years) present on the survey day were enrolled (n = 600). Two stool samples per person were examined for helminth eggs, using PARASEP (DiaSys Ltd, UK). The number of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces was recorded. Each study participant was interviewed to determine risk factors, using a pre-tested questionnaire. An abdominal ultrasonography examination of liver and bile ducts was performed with a mobile, high resolution ultrasound device. In total, 488 persons completed assessments (two stool samples, completed questionnaires); of those, 436 individuals had an ultrasonography (US) examination.
Results: We observed a prevalence of O. felineus infection of 60.2%. Significant risk factors for infection were the consumption of river fish (odds ratio from adjusted analysis [aOR] 2.4, 95% CI 1.52-3.95, p<0.001), particularly stock fish (OR from multivariable analysis [mOR] 3.2, 95% CI 2.63-3.80, p<0.001), smoked fish (mOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.24-1.72, p<0.001), frozen fish (mOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.29-2.02, p<0.001), and raw fish (mOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.05-1.84, p = 0.02); and fishing activities (mOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.03-1.43, p = 0.019). Women had a higher risk of infection than men. Infection was associated positively with age and negatively with socio-economic status. The respondents' general awareness of opisthorchiasis was quite high (93.2%), but their knowledge about infection transmission and prevention was insufficient. Children aged 7-18 years old had a lower level of awareness compared to adults. The abdominal ultrasonography results demonstrated a strong association between O. felineus infection and gallbladder stones (mOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.33-6.04, p = 0.007) and periductal fibrosis of intrahepatic bile ducts (mOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.08-3.46, p = 0.026).
Conclusion: O. felineus infection is highly prevalent in rural regions of Western Siberia, and associated with severe hepatobiliary pathology. Identified risk factors will be used to develop a comprehensive targeted O. felineus infection control program.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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