Different Development Forms of Local Allergic Rhinitis towards Birch.

Autor: Bozek A; Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland., Winterstein J; Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Research Department, Munchen, Germany., Galuszka B; PMR Allergy Department, Outpatient Clinic, Swietochlowice, Poland., Jarzab J; Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BioMed research international [Biomed Res Int] 2020 Jun 04; Vol. 2020, pp. 3408561. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 04 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1155/2020/3408561
Abstrakt: Background: Efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a new subject of research. The presence of asthmatic symptoms in patients with LAR in the context of AIT is unexplored.
Objective: The efficacy and safety of AIT in patients with LAR towards birch pollen were investigated. The possibility of concomitant local allergic asthma in studied patients and the impact of AIT on it were examined.
Methods: 36 patients with LAR towards birch were included in three years of AIT in a double-blind, placebo-control study. Primary outcome measurement was the mean changes in the combined symptom and medication scores (CSMSs) after AIT, and the second is the changes in the quality of life (QoL). Skin prick tests, serum, nasal allergen-specific IgE to birch, nasal and bronchial provocation challenge tests with birch allergen, methacholine tests, and spirometry were carried out at baseline and after AIT.
Results: Mean CSMSs of three years of AIT were significantly decreased in the active group from 5.88 (range: 4.11-9.01) to 1.98 (range: 1.22-4.51; p < 0.05). After three years of AIT, there was a significant increase of toleration for birch allergen from the mean concentration of 6250 ± 1200 SQ-U/ml up to 45000 ± 2500 SQ-U/ml ( p = 0.02) during repeated nasal challenges. 16 patients with LAR had the positive results of methacholine tests, and 11 of them had a positive bronchial challenge to birch allergen. After AIT, the significant decrease of bronchial responsiveness to birch allergen in 5 from 7 patients was confirmed ( p = 0.03). QoL assessed by the use of the RQLQ score was improved after AIT from 1.84 (95% CI: 1.53-1.97) to 1.45 (95% CI: 1.32-1.62) score in the active group after three years of AIT therapy ( p = 0.03).
Conclusion: AIT to birch can be useful and safe in a patient with local allergic rhinitis and also with concomitant asthmatic symptoms. Further studies are needed.
Competing Interests: The author's declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2020 Andrzej Bozek et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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