A virtual assessment of the suprainiac depressions on the Eyasi I (Tanzania) and Aduma ADU-VP-1/3 (Ethiopia) Pleistocene hominin crania.

Autor: Bosman AM; DFG Center for Advanced Studies: 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, D-72070, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Electronic address: abel.bosman@ifu.uni-tuebingen.de., Reyes-Centeno H; DFG Center for Advanced Studies: 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, D-72070, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Department of Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506, USA; William S. Webb Museum of Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40504, USA., Harvati K; DFG Center for Advanced Studies: 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, D-72070, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, D-72070, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of human evolution [J Hum Evol] 2020 Aug; Vol. 145, pp. 102815. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102815
Abstrakt: Despite a steady increase in our understanding of the phenotypic variation of Pleistocene Homo, debate continues over phylogenetically informative features. One such trait is the suprainiac fossa, a depression on the occipital bone above inion that is commonly considered an autapomorphy of the Neanderthal lineage. Challenging this convention, depressions in the suprainiac region have also been described for two Pleistocene hominin crania from sub-Saharan Africa: Eyasi I (Tanzania) and ADU-VP-1/3 (Ethiopia). Here, we use a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, using μCT imaging, to investigate the occipital depressions on these specimens. The results show that neither the external nor the internal morphologies of these depressions bear any resemblance to the Neanderthal condition. A principal component analysis based on multiple thickness measurements along the occipital squama demonstrates that the relative thickness values for the internal structures in Eyasi I and ADU-VP-1/3 are within the range of Homo sapiens. Thus, our results support the autapomorphic status of the Neanderthal suprainiac fossa and highlight the need to use nuanced approaches and multiple lines of evidence.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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