Steroid-sparing maintenance immunotherapy for MOG-IgG associated disorder.

Autor:	Chen JJ; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Chen.john@mayo.edu., Flanagan EP; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Bhatti MT; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Jitprapaikulsan J; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Dubey D; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Lopez Chiriboga ASS; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Fryer JP; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Weinshenker BG; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., McKeon A; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Tillema JM; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Lennon VA; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Lucchinetti CF; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Kunchok A; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., McClelland CM; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Lee MS; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Bennett JL; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Pelak VS; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Van Stavern G; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Adesina OO; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Eggenberger ER; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Acierno MD; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Wingerchuk DM; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Lam BL; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Moss H; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Beres S; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Gilbert AL; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Shah V; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Armstrong G; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Heidary G; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Cestari DM; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Stiebel-Kalish H; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel., Pittock SJ; From the Departments of Ophthalmology (J.J.C., M.T.B.), Neurology (J.J.C., E.P.F., M.T.B., J.J., D.D., A.S.L.C., B.G.W., A.M., J.-M.T., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (E.P.F., J.J., D.D, J.P.F., A.M., V.A.L., S.J.P.), and Immunology (V.A.L.) and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology (E.P.F., D.D., B.G.W., A.M., V.A.L., C.F.L., A.K., S.J.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences (C.M.M., M.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B., V.S.P.), University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology (G.V.S.), Washington University, St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Neurology (O.-O.O.A.), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Neuro-Ophthalmology (E.R.E.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Departments of Ophthalmology (M.D.A.) and Neurology (D.M.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (B.L.L.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology (H.M., S.B.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Neuro-Ophthalmology (A.L.G.), Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Vallejo; Department of Ophthalmology (V.S.), Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.A., D.M.C.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Ophthalmology (G.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; and Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit (H.S.-K.), Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neurology [Neurology] 2020 Jul 14; Vol. 95 (2), pp. e111-e120. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 17.
DOI:	10.1212/WNL.0000000000009758
Abstrakt:	Objective: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) associated disorder (MOGAD) often manifests with recurrent CNS demyelinating attacks. The optimal treatment for reducing relapses is unknown. To help determine the efficacy of long-term immunotherapy in preventing relapse in patients with MOGAD, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study to determine the rate of relapses on various treatments. Methods: We determined the frequency of relapses in patients receiving various forms of long-term immunotherapy for MOGAD. Inclusion criteria were history of ≥1 CNS demyelinating attacks, MOG-IgG seropositivity, and immunotherapy for ≥6 months. Patients were reviewed for CNS demyelinating attacks before and during long-term immunotherapy. Results: Seventy patients were included. The median age at initial CNS demyelinating attack was 29 years (range 3-61 years; 33% <18 years), and 59% were female. The median annualized relapse rate (ARR) before treatment was 1.6. On maintenance immunotherapy, the proportion of patients with relapse was as follows: mycophenolate mofetil 74% (14 of 19; ARR 0.67), rituximab 61% (22 of 36; ARR 0.59), azathioprine 59% (13 of 22; ARR 0.2), and IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) 20% (2 of 10; ARR 0). The overall median ARR on these 4 treatments was 0.3. All 9 patients treated with multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying agents had a breakthrough relapse on treatment (ARR 1.5). Conclusion: This large retrospective multicenter study of patients with MOGAD suggests that maintenance immunotherapy reduces recurrent CNS demyelinating attacks, with the lowest ARR being associated with maintenance IVIG therapy. Traditional MS disease-modifying agents appear to be ineffective. Prospective randomized controlled studies are required to validate these conclusions. (© 2020 American Academy of Neurology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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