Prenatal exposure to pesticides and risk for holoprosencephaly: a case-control study.

Autor: Addissie YA; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Kruszka P; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. paul.kruszka@nih.gov., Troia A; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Wong ZC; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Everson JL; Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA., Kozel BA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Lipinski RJ; Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA., Malecki KMC; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.; Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA., Muenke M; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental health : a global access science source [Environ Health] 2020 Jun 08; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 65. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 08.
DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00611-z
Abstrakt: Background: Pesticide exposure during susceptible windows and at certain doses are linked to numerous birth defects. Early experimental evidence suggests an association between active ingredients in pesticides and holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common malformation of the forebrain in humans (1 in 250 embryos). No human studies to date have examined the association. This study investigated pesticides during multiple windows of exposure and fetal risk for HPE. It is hypothesized that pre-conception and early pregnancy, the time of brain development in utero, are the most critical windows of exposure.
Methods: A questionnaire was developed for this retrospective case-control study to estimate household, occupational, and environmental pesticide exposures. Four windows of exposure were considered: preconception, early, mid and late pregnancy. Cases were identified through the National Human Genome Research Institute's ongoing clinical studies of HPE. Similarly, controls were identified as children with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a genetic syndrome also characterized by congenital malformations, but etiologically unrelated to HPE. We assessed for differences in odds of exposures to pesticides between cases and controls.
Results: Findings from 91 cases and 56 controls showed an increased risk for HPE with reports of maternal exposure during pregnancy to select pesticides including personal insect repellants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.89, confidence interval (CI): 0.96-9.50) and insecticides and acaricides for pets (aOR 3.84, CI:1.04-16.32). Exposure to household pest control products during the preconception period or during pregnancy was associated with increased risk for HPE (aOR 2.60, OR: 0.84-8.68). No associations were found for occupational exposures to pesticides during pregnancy (aOR: 1.15, CI: 0.11-11.42), although exposure rates were low. Higher likelihood for HPE was also observed with residency next to an agricultural field (aOR 3.24, CI: 0.94-12.31).
Conclusions: Observational findings are consistent with experimental evidence and suggest that exposure to personal, household, and agricultural pesticides during pregnancy may increase risk for HPE. Further investigations of gene by environment interactions are warranted.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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