Genetic architecture underlying changes in carotenoid accumulation during the evolution of the blind Mexican cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus.

Autor: Riddle MR; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Aspiras AC; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Damen F; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Hutchinson JN; Department of Biostatistics, The Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts., Chinnapen DJ; Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Tabin J; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Tabin CJ; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution [J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol] 2020 Nov; Vol. 334 (7-8), pp. 405-422. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 02.
DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22954
Abstrakt: Carotenoids are lipid-soluble yellow to orange pigments produced by plants, bacteria, and fungi. They are consumed by animals and metabolized to produce molecules essential for gene regulation, vision, and pigmentation. Cave animals represent an interesting opportunity to understand how carotenoid utilization evolves. Caves are devoid of light, eliminating primary production of energy through photosynthesis and, therefore, limiting carotenoid availability. Moreover, the selective pressures that favor carotenoid-based traits, like pigmentation and vision, are relaxed. Astyanax mexicanus is a species of fish with multiple river-adapted (surface) and cave-adapted populations (i.e., Tinaja, Pachón, Molino). Cavefish exhibit regressive features, such as loss of eyes and melanin pigment, and constructive traits, like increased sensory neuromasts and starvation resistance. Here, we show that, unlike surface fish, Tinaja and Pachón cavefish accumulate carotenoids in the visceral adipose tissue. Carotenoid accumulation is not observed in Molino cavefish, indicating that it is not an obligatory consequence of eye loss. We used quantitative trait loci mapping and RNA sequencing to investigate genetic changes associated with carotenoid accumulation. Our findings suggest that multiple stages of carotenoid processing may be altered in cavefish, including absorption and transport of lipids, cleavage of carotenoids into unpigmented molecules, and differential development of intestinal cell types involved in carotenoid assimilation. Our study establishes A. mexicanus as a model to study the genetic basis of natural variation in carotenoid accumulation and how it impacts physiology.
(© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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