Fine-Scale Modeling of Individual Exposures to Ambient PM 2.5 , EC, NO x , CO for the Coronary Artery Disease and Environmental Exposure (CADEE) Study.

Autor: Breen M; Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., Chang SY; Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA., Breen M; Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, ORISE/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA., Xu Y; ORAU/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., Isakov V; Center for Measurements and Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., Arunachalam S; Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA., Carraway MS; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705 USA., Devlin R; Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Atmosphere [Atmosphere (Basel)] 2020 Jan 03; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 1-65.
DOI: 10.3390/atmos11010065
Abstrakt: Air pollution epidemiological studies often use outdoor concentrations from central-site monitors as exposure surrogates, which can induce measurement error. The goal of this study was to improve exposure assessments of ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), elemental carbon (EC), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and carbon monoxide (CO) for a repeated measurements study with 15 individuals with coronary artery disease in central North Carolina called the Coronary Artery Disease and Environmental Exposure (CADEE) Study. We developed a fine-scale exposure modeling approach to determine five tiers of individual-level exposure metrics for PM 2.5 , EC, NO x , CO using outdoor concentrations, on-road vehicle emissions, weather, home building characteristics, time-locations, and time-activities. We linked an urban-scale air quality model, residential air exchange rate model, building infiltration model, global positioning system (GPS)-based microenvironment model, and accelerometer-based inhaled ventilation model to determine residential outdoor concentrations (C out_home , Tier 1), residential indoor concentrations (C in_home , Tier 2), personal outdoor concentrations (C out_personal , Tier 3), exposures (E, Tier 4), and inhaled doses (D, Tier 5). We applied the fine-scale exposure model to determine daily 24-h average PM 2.5 , EC, NO x , CO exposure metrics (Tiers 1-5) for 720 participant-days across the 25 months of CADEE. Daily modeled metrics showed considerable temporal and home-to-home variability of C out_home and C in_home (Tiers 1-2) and person-to-person variability of C out_personal , E, and D (Tiers 3-5). Our study demonstrates the ability to apply an urban-scale air quality model with an individual-level exposure model to determine multiple tiers of exposure metrics for an epidemiological study, in support of improving health risk assessments.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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