Enhancing Patient Activation and Self-Management Activities in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using the US Department of Defense Mobile Health Care Environment: Feasibility Study.

Autor: Gimbel RW; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Rennert LM; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Crawford P; Nellis Family Medicine Residency Program, Mike O'Callaghan Federal Hospital, Las Vegas, NV, United States., Little JR; Mobile Health Innovation Center, Telemedicine & Advanced Technologies Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research & Materials Command, Fort Gordon, GA, United States., Truong K; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Williams JE; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Griffin SF; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Shi L; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Chen L; Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States., Zhang L; College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States., Moss JB; Nellis Family Medicine Residency Program, Mike O'Callaghan Federal Hospital, Las Vegas, NV, United States., Marshall RC; Clinical Informatics Fellowship Program, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States., Edwards KW; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Crawford KJ; Nellis Family Medicine Residency Program, Mike O'Callaghan Federal Hospital, Las Vegas, NV, United States., Hing M; Department of Internal Medicine, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States., Schmeltz A; Mobile Health Innovation Center, Telemedicine & Advanced Technologies Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research & Materials Command, Fort Gordon, GA, United States., Lumsden B; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Ashby M; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Haas E; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States., Palazzo K; Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of medical Internet research [J Med Internet Res] 2020 May 26; Vol. 22 (5), pp. e17968. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 26.
DOI: 10.2196/17968
Abstrakt: Background: Past mobile health (mHealth) efforts to empower type 2 diabetes (T2D) self-management include portals, text messaging, collection of biometric data, electronic coaching, email, and collection of lifestyle information.
Objective: The primary objective was to enhance patient activation and self-management of T2D using the US Department of Defense's Mobile Health Care Environment (MHCE) in a patient-centered medical home setting.
Methods: A multisite study, including a user-centered design and a controlled trial, was conducted within the US Military Health System. Phase I assessed preferences regarding the enhancement of the enabling technology. Phase II was a single-blinded 12-month feasibility study that randomly assigned 240 patients to either the intervention (n=123, received mHealth technology and behavioral messages tailored to Patient Activation Measure [PAM] level at baseline) or the control group (n=117, received equipment but not messaging. The primary outcome measure was PAM scores. Secondary outcome measures included Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scores and cardiometabolic outcomes. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate changes in outcomes.
Results: The final sample consisted of 229 patients. Participants were 61.6% (141/229) male, had a mean age of 62.9 years, mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c ) of 7.5%, mean BMI of 32.7, and a mean duration of T2D diagnosis of 9.8 years. At month 12, the control group showed significantly greater improvements compared with the intervention group in PAM scores (control mean 7.49, intervention mean 1.77; P=.007), HbA 1c (control mean -0.53, intervention mean -0.11; P=.006), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (control mean -7.14, intervention mean 4.38; P=.01). Both groups showed significant improvement in SDSCA, BMI, waist size, and diastolic blood pressure; between-group differences were not statistically significant. Except for patients with the highest level of activation (PAM level 4), intervention group patients exhibited significant improvements in PAM scores. For patients with the lowest level of activation (PAM level 1), the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement compared with the control group in HbA 1c (control mean -0.09, intervention mean -0.52; P=.04), BMI (control mean 0.58, intervention mean -1.22; P=.01), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (control mean -4.86, intervention mean 3.56; P<.001). Significant improvements were seen in AM scores, SDSCA, and waist size for both groups and in diastolic and systolic blood pressure for the control group; the between-group differences were not statistically significant. The percentage of participants who were engaged with MHCE for ≥50% of days period was 60.7% (68/112; months 0-3), 57.4% (62/108; months 3-6), 49.5% (51/103; months 6-9), and 43% (42/98; months 9-12).
Conclusions: Our study produced mixed results with improvement in PAM scores and outcomes in both the intervention and control groups. Structural design issues may have hampered the influence of tailored behavioral messaging within the intervention group.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02949037; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02949037.
International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): RR2-10.2196/resprot.6993.
(©Ronald W Gimbel, Lior M Rennert, Paul Crawford, Jeanette R Little, Khoa Truong, Joel E Williams, Sarah F Griffin, Lu Shi, Liwei Chen, LingLing Zhang, Jennie B Moss, Robert C Marshall, Karen W Edwards, Kristy J Crawford, Marie Hing, Amanda Schmeltz, Brandon Lumsden, Morgan Ashby, Elizabeth Haas, Kelly Palazzo. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 26.05.2020.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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