Synergic effect of simvastatin in combination with amphotericin B against environmental strains of Cryptococcus neoformans from northeastern Brazil: a prospective experimental study.

Autor:	Silva THS; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Araújo CV; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Santos KMDC; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Alves NDS; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Gomes THS; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Silva AKFE; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Silva NCLDS; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Damasceno Júnior ECB; BSc. Biomedic, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Carvalho AMA; MSc. Doctoral Student, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Mendes MGA; MSc. Doctoral Student, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Caminha HB; MSc. Doctoral Student, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Daboit TC; PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba (PI), Brazil., Ferreira TB; MSc. Doctoral Student, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba (MG), Brazil., Andrade-Silva LE; PhD. Biomedic, Department of Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba (MG), Brazil., Silva-Vergara ML; PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba (MG), Brazil., Ferreira-Paim K; PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba (MG), Brazil., Fonseca FM; PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Biomedicine, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba (MG), Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina [Sao Paulo Med J] 2020 Jan-Feb; Vol. 138 (1), pp. 40-46.
DOI:	10.1590/1516-3180.2019.0107.R2.16092019
Abstrakt:	Background: Statins are used as cholesterol-lowering drugs and may also have direct antimicrobial effects. Objective: To evaluate synergic interactions between simvastatin and both amphotericin B and fluconazole, against environmental strains of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from captive birds' droppings. Designand Setting: Experimental study conducted at Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, in collaboration with Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil. Methods: Statin susceptibility tests of Cryptococcus neoformans samples were performed as prescribed in standards. Interactions of simvastatin with amphotericin and fluconazole were evaluated using the checkerboard microdilution method. Presence of these interactions was quantitatively detected through determining the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). Results: Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans were obtained from 30 of the 206 samples of dry bird excreta (14.5%) that were collected from pet shops and houses. Ten isolates were selected for susceptibility tests. All of them were susceptible to amphotericin and fluconazole. All presented minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 128 µg/ml and, thus, were resistant in vitro to simvastatin. An in vitro synergic effect was shown through combined testing of amphotericin B and simvastatin, such that six isolates (60%) presented FICI < 0.500. Two isolates showed considerable reductions in MIC, from 1 µg/ml to 0.250 µg/ml. No synergic effect was observed through combining fluconazole and simvastatin. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that simvastatin should be considered to be a therapeutic alternative, capable of potentiating the action of amphotericin B. However, further studies are necessary to clarify the real effect of simvastatin as an antifungal agent.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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